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Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen
BP 129,
Poste Didouche Mourad, 16006, Alger, Algérie
imedyazen89@yahoo.fr
Tabrat n Yimedyazen
Taghmist n Tiddukla - Utt'un
13
(ddur't
n 23 gher 29 Ghuct 2003)
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Zik neqqar win yebghan tamazight, ad yissin
tira-s
Ass-a neqqar win yebghan tamazight, ad tt-yaru
Tigejdit :
Azul fell-awen ay atmaten d teysetmatin |
At'as n medden, d lfer'h' ay ferr'h'en mi ara slen d akken teffegh-d tghawsa s tmazight. Hata yeffegh-d wedlis
amaynut, hata yeffegh-d useghz'an (logiciel) amaynut s tmazight negh hata nexdem-d unughen iteddun (dessins animés) s tutlayt-nnegh
... at'as n leqdicat igerrzen ay nexdem i lmend n ussider n tutlayt-nnegh, nesseqdec deg-sen ttawil yelhan akk d tmussni ifazen,
xas akken, llan kra n yemdanen, anect-a ur d asen-yettcur' tit', yernu dima qqaren-as : "lemmer di t-xdimen s tefr'ensist
negh s taâr'abt ay axir". Di tegnit n zz'mik i deg tettidir tmazight ass-a, ur ilaq ara ad ncuhh' fell-as. S kra n win izemren,
lemmer d lebghi ad yexdem, akken yuâa, akken yessen, i wakken ad yesnerni tutlayt-nnegh. S kra ay nesâa d ttawil, s kra n
tmussni izaden ay nesâa ger n yifassen-nnegh, tewwi-d ad tt-nesseqdec akken ad nenfeâ yis-s tutlayt-a yellan d tagujilt yernu
deg yir tagnit. Tamazight n wass-a teh'wadj-anegh yernu skud werâad d-lhin yid-s "yimeqqranen ay terza temsalt", ayen i d
as-nexdem d-yettban ara, am tiqit n waman di lebh'er', ihi meqqar ilaq ad nexdem akken ad d-yili cwit'. Ma d medden yugin
tikli gher sdat, ttwalin deg wid yettaken si lweqt-nsen, yettaken si tezmert-nsen akk d tedrimt-sen akken ad âiwnen tamazight
d wid itelfen di leâqul-nsen negh d wid id'aâen, d wid umi yeâreq ccghel. Imdanen am wigi ferr'h'en s wakk ayen yettwaxdamen
s tutlayin nnid'en, ttawd'en alamma ay ttzuxxun s wayen ur nelli nsen, d acu kan, mi ara d-teh'der' d tamazight umi ara nexdem
akken xeddmen wiyad' i tutlayin-nsen, imdanen-agi wehhmen, qqaren-as "amek akka ?", amzun tamazight ur tutklal ad tesâu ula
d cwit' n wayen sâant tiyad'. Maca fih'el amennugh akk d wemâewrar (polémique) akk d yamdanen am wigi, wanag s leqdic kan
ara ten-nernu, yis-s ara ten-nessusem, ad d-nerr yis-s kra deg-sen s abrid, ma d wiyad' awer d-ughalen si tidderghelt n wallaghen-nsen.
Ass-a, aql-agh nettwali, nesâa ilmez'yen d telmez'yin, irgazen d tilawin, arrac akk d tullas akk d yemgharen d temgharin
ay iqeddcen negh ay yebghan ad qedcen i tmazight, d wid yebghan ad d-fken seg wul akken ad âiwnen tutlayt-nsen. Atni zerâen
di yal amkan, maca yal yiwen si tama-s, yal yiwen di teâcuct-is iqeddec, yettnadi, yettxemmim ghef wamek ara yenfeâ tutlayt
n lejdud. Yernu at'as deg-sen ur ttâuzzun tazmert, wala tamussni-nsen ghef tmazight, yernu d ayen ara yefk wabâad' i tefr'ensist
negh taglizit ara fken wigi i yiwet n tutlayt ur nelli ula deg ugherbaz. D acu kan, tutlayt-agi âzizet, imi d nettat ay d
agh-d-issekren, d taqburt ... d tamghart ... imi yiwen ur s-d-icfi melmi ay d-tlul, d tamud'int, tugh-itent di tezmert-is,
imi maci akken llant akk tutlayin n wass-a ay tella nettat. D acu kan, ur ilaq ara ad nettu wi gh-ilan, nekni d Imazighen
yernu ghur-negh nekni, maci d amer'kanti, d bab n tezmert negh d bab n cci umi nrennu, tabeâ neqqar-it deg wanzi : "Ad ternu
teâwint i lebh'er'", wanag nekni d win yellan d amghar, d win yellan d amud'in, d winna ay yeâzizen fell-anegh, yernu d winna
ay nettâawan deg wexxam, nettagh-as-d uttci akk d yisufar yelhan, nettâawan-it, nettabdad-as i lmendad akken ad yeqqim gar-anegh.
Ihi tamazight tuklal ad d-nessuffegh yis-s idlisen ifazen, tuklal ad d-neg yis-s id'ebsiyen ussiden (CD-Roms), tuklal ad d-nessuffegh
yis-s isura (films) akk d wunughen iteddun, yernu tuklal ayen yugaren aya. Wid yerban ifassen-nsen ass-a, ur xeddmen acemma
i tmazight xas zemren ad tt-nefâen yernu kkaten deg wid ixeddmen fell-as, maci ala kan d afus ay fkan ghef tutlayt-nsen, wanag
rnan-as ula d leh'sed. Ma d tamazight, anfet-as kan ad tkemmel abrid-is, ma ulac d acu ay d-rnan wigi, ur yettili wacu ara
d as-kksen. Tutlayt-nnegh ad tali s lmezga n R'ebbi, wanag icenga-yines (iâdawen-is), ama d wid yellan sufella-nnegh negh
d wid nerra s ddaw-atnegh, ur ttazmaren ad tt-d'urren deg wacemma.
IMEDYAZEN
TIBRATIN-NWEN
Mhamed Alilouche, si Merr'uk :
Azul ay aytma Imazighen, ar ken-snimmergh bezzaf xef tebrat-nnun acku tghuda tessfreh'-i at'as . Imkilli
tennam iqqen ad nessawal d ar nterra s tmazight afad ad tt-nissan d nemyaret (s'habituer), imkilli inna Mass Katib YASIN :
"parler une langue c'est assumer une culture" [win yessawalen kra n tutlayt am win yeddmen idles-is]. Iqqen ad nasi awal-nnegh
s afella ad ilkem [ad yawed'] winna urta ilkim d ar seqsagh : mad iran ad issawel xef tmazight bla Imazighen ? ur inni awd
yan ... (...).
Tiritit : Azul fell-ak a gma-tnegh âzizen, awal tennid'-t-id, ur nezmir ad nerfed tutlayt-nnegh, ad tasi s afella, ma
yella ur tt-nettaru ara negh bitt, ula d awal ur tt-nessawal. Dgha, akken ad nasi tutlayt am ta, aql-agh di tegnit is'eâben.
Tutlayt teh'wadj at'as n leqdic, wid ara iqedcen ulac. D acu kan, nefr'eh' imi ay nufa atmaten di Merr'uk, qeddcen akken ilaq
ghef tutlayt-nnegh ama deg wennar, ama di internet, yernu tewwi-d ad nemâiwen akken ma nella afad ad nesnerni tamazight-nnegh.
S uddukel n yighallen ara ifsusent tâekmin u ad d-rsent tsawnin. Aghmis-nnegh yeggar tighri i watmaten-nnegh Imazighen n yal
tama, n yal tamurt akken ad agh-d-ttarun s tmazight yernu tewwi-d ad z'ren merr'a d akken aghmis-a, Tabrat n Yimedyazen, d
aghmis-nsen ula d nitni, ur yelli n Leqbayel kan, ur yelli n Yimazighen kan n Ldzayer, wanag d aghmis yessawalen i Yimazighen
merr'a n Tefriqt n Ugafa, n Tmazgha. Dgha, neqqar ans'uf i tebratin-nwen, ladgha tid yuran s yiles amazigh, yernu nettnadi
ghef wid d tid ay izemren ad d-ttekkin di tirawt (rédaction) n weghmis-nnegh, ad agh-d-aznen imagraden (articles) negh s kra
n tghawsa yuran s yiles-nnegh ara d-nessers deg yisebtar (pages) n Tebrat n Yimedyazen. Nessefray d akken aghmis-nnegh ad
zemren ad t-qqaren akk watmaten-nnegh izedghen di tmiwa akk d tmura nnid'en, nessaram ad d-yawed' wass i deg ur yettiwâir'
ara ghef Umazigh n Libya ad yefhem Amazigh n Merr'uk, ghef wanect-a ara nqeddec deg weghmis-nnegh akken ad nesnerni tamazight
u ad tt-nerr teddukel akken nezmer, afad ad ilin wat'as n wid ara tt-ifehhmen syad d tasawent. I lmend n waya, nenced-iken
(inviter) ula d kenwi akken ad d-tettekkim. Ans'uf s tebratin-nwen, ans'uf s tughac-nwen.
Tanemmirt.
Sghur Tiddukla tadelsant Imedyazen.
Taluksemburgit negh tutlayt di Luxembourg
[Aqeddem : Luxembourg d yiwet n tmurt tamect'uh't ay d-yuzgan ger tlisa, ger yiberdan. Sufella d Biljik
ay tt-id-ilessen, swadda d Fr'ansa, ma seg wegmud' (ccerq) d Lalman. Akal-agi amect'uh' ay d-iweh'len ger n "yimeqqranen",
xas ur yewwid' ara wezgen n umelyun n medden ay t-izedghen, ass-a nefren ad awen-d-nawi fell-as awal, acku tikwal, at'as ara
d-nelmed si tghawsiwin timect'ah'. Nagh yeqqar-as wanzi ghur-negh "Izem yeh'wadj s agherda". Luxembourg, d tamurt i ghef ur
nsel ara at'as n tghawsiwin, d acu kan, aghlan-agi (nation) amect'uh' yesâa tutlayt-is i yiman-is, d tin umi qqaren taluksemburgit,
ur telli d tantala (dialecte) n tefr'ensist wala d talgha tadigant (forme locale) n talmanit, wanag d tutlayt i yiman-is,
d tin ay d iles anes'li n yimezdaghen n tmurt-agi yernu yis-s ay ttidiren di tudert-nsen n yal ass. D ayen ibanen ma nenna-yawen-d
d akken imezdaghen n Luxembourg, Iluksemburgiyen, d agdud yesâan nnif ghef wazalen-is (valeurs), ghef tnettit-is (identité)
akk d tutlayt-is. Dgha xas ma yella idles afr'ensis yedjhed, yeffegh i tlisa n Fr'ansa alammi ay yewwed' ass-a s idurar n
Djer'djer' akk d tmura n Tefriqt, xas ma yella tutlayt talmanit tewwed' gher tt'erf n wemd'al, anda ma nedda nezmer ad naf
wid yettmeslayen yis-s negh ay tt-ilemmden, di Luxembourg, ayen yellan d aberr'ani iban, ma d ayen yellan n tmurt d netta
ay yesâan azal meqqren, ur t-rrin di rrif am wiyad', wanag refden-t d asawen akken ad yagar akk ayen d-ikecmen si berr'a.
Di Luxembourg, yal taghawsa tesâa amkan-is, yal yiwen yesâa ccghel-is. Iberr'aniyen keccmen-d ssbeh' ad qedcen, tameddit,
yal yiwen ad yughal s axxam-is negh gher tmurt-is, ma d tutlayin tiberr'aniyin ay d-ikecmen gher Luxembourg akken kecment
gher tmura nnid'en, sseqdacen-tent Yiluksemburgiyen di les'lah'-nsen, rran-tent d taklatin-nsen deg wexxam-nsen, yal yiwet
fkan-as ccghel-is, d acu kan, mi ara d-tawed' tizi n tidet, mi ara terzu temsalt asselh'u n tghawsiwin n tmurt, asselmed n
yigerdan akk d usseqdec n tutlayt di tudert-nsen, Iluksemburgiyen d tin-nsen kan ay sseqdacen, xas ssnen mlih' tafr'ensist
akk d talmanit. Tutlayt taluksemburgit ay yellan d yiwet si tutlayin tighelnawin timect'ah' akk deg wemd'al, yerfed-itt unabad'
(gouvernement) aluksemburgi d asawen akken ad tili d tutlayt tamens'abt (officielle) tamenzut di tmurt, yugh lh'al, tamurt-agi
tamect'uh't, tez'ra d akken imi ay d tamect'uh't, ldjiran-is zemren ad as-ughalen d icenga-yines, zemren ad tt-ttcen s tefses.
Ghef wanect-a ay terra tutlayt-is, xas akken d tamect'uh't d tutlayt n tmurt yernu d yiwen seg yizumal meqqren n tfernant
(patrie) taluksemburgit. Anect-a yesskan-d tikkelt nnid'en d akken tutlayt ur telli d awal kan, wanag d tigejdit meqqren di
tnettit (identité) n tmura akk d yegduden. D acu kan, nnig waya, tutlayt taluksemburgit yerfed-itt ula d agdud-is deg wul-is,
imi ay yuki d akken d nettat ay d tar'wih't n tmurt-is, dgha yefka-yas tamkant âlayen, xas ad naf at'as n Yiluksemburgiyen
iqeddcen s tefr'ensist negh qqaren aghmis-nsen s talmanit, iles ay sseqdacen wagar-asen ur d asen-yeâriq ara, zzux-nsen d
tutlayt-nsen, werâad ur lmiden ara ad zuxxen s wayen ur nelli nsen. Afud igerrzen].
 Di Luxembourg, imdanen ttmeslayen yernu ttarun at'as n tutlayin ghef tikkelt yernu deg yiwet kan n tmurt.
Dgha ad naf d akken din ismawen n yizenqan akk d th'una uran s tefr'ensist, yernu d tutlayt-a digh ay yettuseqdacen s wat'as
di tektuyin n yinig (billets de voyage), deg usiggez deg yisensa (inscription dans les hotels) akk d yisefraen (menus). D
acu kan, kra n yismawen n yizenqan akk d yemd'iqen ttarun-ten digh ula s tutlayt taluksemburgit, tin umi qqaren Lëtzebuergesch
di tmurt-a. Ma d ighmisen n Luxembourg, amur meqqren deg-sen d talmanit ay sseqdacen xas ma yella teddun-d deg-sen kra n yimagraden
(articles) idelsanen akk d yidellilen d tullghiwin (annonces) s tefr'ensist. Ula di tmura nnid'en n wemd'al, medden ttmeslayen
at'as n tutlayin, d acu kan, tutlayin-a, yal yiwet deg-sent tesâa tama-yines, ala kan tid yettuseqdacen di tmurt merr'a. Wanag
di Luxembourg, tutlayin mbabbent ta ghef ta, amzun yal yiwet deg-sent tekka-d s nnig tayed', anda ma nedda nettaf-itent ssnen-tent
akk medden yernu ttuseqdacent di yal akud. D acu kan, tagnit yemcubbaken am ta yella wamek ay nezmer ad tt-id-nessefhem.
Iluksemburgiyen, akken yebghu yili wemkan-nsen di tmetti (société), ala kan yiwet n tutlayt ay sseqdacen
mi ara ttmeslayen wagar-asen : d taluksemburgit. D tagi ay d tutlayt-nsen timserreh't n yal ass yernu d nettat ay d azamul
n tnettit taghelnawt (identité nationale) di Luxembourg. Xas ma yella taluksemburgit tefruri-d si tutlayt tajirmanit di lqern
wis 4 n Sidna Aisa (germanique, d tutlayt taqburt n Lalman i seg ay d-tefruri ula d talmanit), tutlayt n Luxembourg tughal
isker ay temgerrad (temxallaf) ghef tutlayt-nni tajaddiwt ay tt-id-yefkan, alammi ay tughal ass-a, at'as n Walmaniyen ur fessus
ara fell-asen ad tt-fehmen ma yella slan-as. Win yettmeslayen talmanit yezmer ad yeâqel awal-a negh awal-adi, negh yezmer
ad yefhem amek tebna kra n tefyirt (phrase) s tluksemburgit -akken ay yezmer Walmani n kra n tama "ad yefhem" tantala (dialecte)
talmanit n kra n tama nnid'en- d acu kan, tikwal win yettmeslayen talmanit tikwal iwehh'el-d d kra n wawalen akk d tefyirin
ur nelli d tijirmaniyin yernu sseqdacen-tent di tluksemburgit, dgha d anect-nni ay sen-yesseâraqen ad fehmen tutlayt-a akken
ilaq lh'al, ala kan ma lemden-tt si swadda.
Taliksemburgit sselmaden-tt ama i yigerdan deg yigherbazen, ama i yiberr'aniyen ay izedghen di tmurt n Luxembourg.
D acu kan, xas ma yella taluksemburgit tessifsis-as (tessishil) mlih' tudert i wemdan yettidiren di tmurt-a yernu tenfeâ-it,
tutlayt-a ur tesâi idles d anesbaghur (amer'kanti) akken t-sâant tutlayin idjehden nnid'en am tefr'ensist akk d talmanit.
Mi ara ttmeslayen sin n yemdanen s tluksemburgit zemren ad tt-sellken yis-s deg wat'as n tghawsiwin n tudert n yal ass, d
acu kan, akken kan ara yawed' wawal-nsen gher temsal timedwanin (abstraites) negh gher wayen yerzan afrayen ilqayanen (sentiments
profonds), tettawed' tluksemburgit gher tlisa-yines, dgha wid yettmeslayen yis-s tettara-ten
tmara ad d-red'len awalen si tutlayin nnid'en.
D lexs'as'-agi digh i deg txuss' tluksemburgit deg wawalen yerzan kra n yinurar ay yeddjan Iluksemburgiyen
ad sseqdacen tutlayin tiberr'aniyin, tafr'ensist akk d talmanit, di teywalin-nsen (communications) yuran. D acu kan, ach'al
d abrid ay âerd'en Yiluksemburgiyen ad rren taluksemburgit d tutlayt yuran. Di 1914, aneghlaf n welmud (ministre de l'éducation)
Nicolas Welter iga-d taghdirawt (orthographe) tamenzut i lmend n usselmed n tira n tluksemburgit deg yigherbazen n tmurt.
Anect-a yella-d sin n yiseggasen mbeâd ma tekcem tluksemburgit i tikkelt tamenzut s agherbaz n Luxembourg, asmi ay d-tesbedd
tmurt-agi Asad'uf-yines (lqanun) n Welmud di 1912. Anagraw-agi (système) n tira werdjin yughal d amens'ab (officiel) xas ma
yella tella-d tsuta (ldjil) n yinelmaden iluksemburgiyen ay t-ilemden, ughen yid-s tanumi. Asmi ay yekker Wemgaru Amad'lan
(Guerre mondiale) wis sin, s tira-ya ay ughalent trebbaâ n wezbu (résistance) n Luxebourg yettnaghen mgal n Lalman, ssuffughent-d
tiwriqin n yisallen ay ferrqen ghef medden, sakin, d tira-ya ay yughal yesseqdac-itt weghmis aluksemburgi, D'Un'ion,
ay yellan iteffegh-d di tallit-nni n wemgaru, yernu ikemmel tlata n yiseggasen mbeâd n 1945, iteffegh-d ala kan s tluksemburgit.
D acu kan, ughalen Yiluksemburgiyen h'ulfan d akken tira-ya tesâa at'as n wuguren, ur fessus ara ad ttarun dima yis-s, dgha
d talmanit tizeght (standard) ay rran d tutlayt-nsen n tira. Ger waya d wayen nnid'en, aneghlaf n welmud n Luxembourg n yimir-n,
Nicolas Margue, ikellef Jean Feltes ay yellan d amsisli (phonéticien), akken ad d-yesnulfu taghdirawt tamaynut i tluksemburgit,
d tin ara yifen tin ay d-yesnulfa Welter azal n 30 n yiseggasen uqbel. D acu kan, taghdirawt n Margue, tin umi isemma "Lëzebuurjer
Ortografi", tella-d d tin yemgerraden s wat'as ghef teghdirawt talmanit, alammi ay tughal talmanit ur tezmir ad tili d tutlayt
ara iâiwnen iluksemburgiyen akken ad arun tutlayt-nsen.
Dgha xas ma yella yeddem-itt udabu aluksemburgi yernu yerra-tt d taghdirawt tamens'abt deg yiwen n weghtas
(arrêté) n 5 Yunyu 1946, taghdirawt-a werdjin tezriâ deg yigherbazen, xas ma yella anabad' yis-s ay yella yessuffugh-d idlisen
n ugherbaz. Di 1950, ttukellfen tlata yemdanen, Joseph Tockert, Helene Palgen akk d Robert Bruch, akken ad d-heggin amawal
amaynut n tutlayt taluksemburgit. Dgha, taghawsa tamenzut akk ay ssefran ad tt-gen nettat d asnulfu n yiwet n teghdirawt tamaynut
ara ilin fessuset ugar n tin n Feltes, yernu ad tili teqreb ugar gher tin n talmanit. D Bruch ay d-yelhan d temsalt-agi n
tira, yernu d taghdirawt ay d-yessebded netta ay yettusqedcen deg yeh'ricen merr'a n umawal n tluksemburgit, Luxemburger Worterbuch,
seg wasmi ay yebda a d-iteffegh di 1950 alammi d asmi ay t-fuken di 1978. Asmi ay yemmut Bruch deg yiwet n twaghit n webrid
di 1959, d Henri Rinnen ay d-yelhan d leqdic n ussuffegh n umawal n tluksemburgit, yernu yughal d yiwen seg yimaslad'en (membres)
imeqqranen n terbaât n Actioun Lëtzerbuergesch u yeqdec akken ara yerr taghdirawt n umawal-nni d taghdirawt tamens'abt ara
tesseqdac tmurt merr'a. Di 1976, yessawed' Rinnen gher lebghi-yines, imi ay yeddja unabad' aluksemburgi taghdirawt n Feltes
s wudem amens'ab u terra-d deg wemkan-is tin yettuseqdacen deg umawal amaynut n tluksemburgit. Dgha seg yimir-n ay tughal
terbaât n Actioun Lëtzebuergesch tqeddec mlih' akken ad tesselh'u taghdirawt tamens'abt tamaynut ama s tsufight-is (publication)
umi qqaren "Eis Sprooch" negh anda akk tezmer ad teg aya. Seg wasmi ay d-tga Luxembourg asad'uf amaynut n tutlayt, di 1984
[ay yerran taluksemburgit d tutlayt taghelnawt], tennerna teghdirawt n Bruch yernu s kra yellan d igalisen (panneaux), d inazalen
(affiches) negh d ayen nnid'en yuran s tluksemburgit ilaq ad yaru s teghdirawt-agi tamens'abt. Ma yella ur tt-ssinen ara yinawaren
(fonctionnaires), yella wanda ara tt-lemden akken ad ughalen ad tt-sseqdacen, yernu yiwen ur yettazmar ad yaru negh ladgha,
ad d-yessuffegh taghawsa yuran s tluksemburgit ma yura-tt s teghdirawt taqburt negh s tin ay yebgha netta, wanag tura ala
kan d taghdirawt tamens'abt ay yettwaqbalen, xas ma yella kra n Yiluksemburgiyen ur ten-yeâdjib ara tegnit-agi i deg ara ttuh'asaben
ghef tuccd'iwin n tira ay tgen di tutlayt-nsen.
D acu kan, nezmer ad nger tamawt seg citt'-agi n umezruy ay d-nebder ghef tluksemburgit d akken xas ma yella
anabad' n Luxembourg yesnulfa-d taghdirawt tamens'abt i tmurt-is yernu xas ma yella imesnilsiyen (linguistes) ssawd'en ad
sbeâden talmanit ghef tluksemburgit, Iluksemburgiyen n menwala mazal smenyafayen ad sqedcen talmanit -imi ay tettemcabi at'as
gher tutlayt-nsen- yernu wid yettwalin iman-nsen d tadghert n waggagen (élite intellectuelle) mazal smenyafayen ad sseqdacen
tafr'ensist di tira imi ay tedjhed deg wat'as n yinurar yernu tesâa ansay (tradition) meqqren di tira akk d tsekla.
Anect-a id'erru-d yal tikkelt i deg ara h'widjen Yiluksemburgiyen ad mmeslayen ghef tghawsa yeffghen ghef tudert n yal ass,
d tighawsiwin i deg ur tezmir tluksemburgit i yiman-is. Dgha di tegnatin-agi n tmara, tid n tira, tafr'ensist sseqdacen-tt
yal tikkelt i deg zemren, ma d talmanit sseqdacen-tt yal tikkelt i deg yettuh'ettem lh'al, ladgha mi ara yih'widj unabad'
ad yemmeslay negh ad yessiwed' kra i yimezdaghen n tmurt ur nesâi ara aswir (niveau) meqqren n leqraya. Ur d-neqsid ara s
wanect-a d akken wid yettmeslayen talmanit di Luxembourg ur ghrin ara mlih', d acu kan, at'as seg wid ay d-yekkren di Luxembourg
di tallit-nni n wemgaru negh akken kan yefra ur ghrin ara s tefr'ensist imi ala kan d talmanit ay ddjan ad tili d tutlayt
n usselmed di tallit n wemgaru, yernu deg yiseggasen ay d-id'efren, imi ay d-telha Luxembourg d uâiwed n lebni n tmurt, ur
s-yettunefk ara wazal meqqren i temsalt n usselmed n tutlayin tiberr'aniyin deg yigherbazen n tmurt, d imi igerdan akk n tallit-nni
ughalen d talmanit i deg ay z'ewren at'as, maci d tafr'ensist.
Dgha di Luxembourg, xas ma yella d taksemburgit ay d tutlayt taghelnawt, d tafr'ensist ay d tutlayt tamens'abt
n udabu. Dgha s tefr'ensist ay d-ssuffughen tiftarin n wemni (documents du parlement), isenfaren n yisud'af (projets de lois),
iz'maz'en (procès) n ccreâ akk d s kra yellan d asad'uf yeqqnen gher tedbelt (administration) negh taghdemt (justice). D acu
kan, ayen i ghef ttemcawar'en lh'ekkam deg wemni, xas ma yella s tluksemburgit akk d tefr'ensist ay ttmeslayen fell-as, agzul-is
(résumé) s talmanit ay t-id-ssuffughen, yernu ferrqen-t ghef twaculin merr'a ay izedghen di Luxembourg [akken ad z'ren ayen
ay d-yeffghen d amaynut deg unabad']. Inawen (dicours) isertiyen ama d wid ay d-yettilin di temliliyin ger n yisertayen (politiciens)
negh d wid i deg ara yemmeslay wabâad' i lghaci, s tluksemburgit kan ay d-ttilin. D acu kan, ttilin kra n yed'risen ay d-yessuffugh
unabad' aluksemburgi s wat'as n tutlayin ladgha di kra n tegnatin i deg ara yebghu ad yessiwed' isallen i yemdanen merr'a
n tmurt, akken yebghu yili wemkan-nsen di tmetti. Ghef umedya, asmi ay d-tessebded Luxembourg yiwen n usad'uf yerzan lekra
yernu tughal a txeddem yis-s, tessuffegh-d id'risen n usad'uf-nni s xemsa n tutlayin deg weghmis, yal tutlayt tett'ef asebter
i yiman-is (taluksemburgit, tafr'ensist, talmanit, tapur'tugalit akk d tespenyulit). Snat-agi n tutlayin tineggura, tapur'tugalit
akk d tespenyulit, sseddan-tent-id imi ay llan wat'as n yiminigen si Portugal akk d Spenyul ay yettidiren yernu qeddcen di
Luxembourg (azal n 36% seg yimazdaghen n tmurt), am wakken digh 48 % seg yiqeddacen n Luxembourg d wid yesâan affagh (passeport)
aberr'ani.
D amezruy n tmurt-agi, d tadamsa-s akk d lebghi n yimezdaghen-is akken ad sâun tutlayt-nsen i yiman-nsen,
akken ur ten-sseblaâen ara wiyad' s tutlayin-nsen, ay yessawd'en Luxembourg ad tili di tegnit tawh'idt am ta. Xas ma
yella att'uqqet n tutlayin di Luxembourg yegla-d s taz'eyt deg uselmed deg yigherbazen, ilaq ad d-nini digh d akken inelmaden
n Luxembourg is'ah'-iten-id ad lemden at'as n tutlayin yernu s wayagi, ad issinen at'as n yidelsan nnid'en, d ayen ur ufin
ara yinelmaden n wat'as n tmura nnid'en.
Ahil (programme) n usselmed deg ugherbaz amenzu n Luxembourg d win ay d-yettilin s talmanit, d acu kan,
akken kan ara awad'en yigerdan s aseggas wis sin, ad bdun ad lemmden tutlayt tafr'ensist. Sakin, skud ttâeddin yiseggasen,
skud irennu wazal n tefr'ensist deg uselmed, ladgha di tesnawiyin (lycées), dgha akka ay tettkemmil alamma tewwed' tefr'ensist
ad tawi amkan n talmanit deg yiseggasen ineggura n welmad. Imir-n, tettughal talmanit d tutlayt kan n usselmed kra n tghawisiwin
tusligin (spéciales) negh n tsekla talmanit. Taneglizit digh ula d nettat d tutlayt tahucalt (obligatoire) yesâan azal meqqren
deg uselmed n tesnawit yernu inelmaden iferrnen ad ghren tutlayin ssextaren ma yella ad d-rnun talatinit negh tagrigit taqburt
s almud-nsen.
S wanect-a ara nwali d akken aggag (intellectuel) aluksembugi d win ay imalen ladgha s azalen idelsanen
(valeurs culturelles) ifr'ensisen, imi tuget seg yinelmaden iluksemburgiyen yettfakan tizrawin-nsen (leqraya) n llsas ttr'uh'un
ama gher tesdawiyin tifr'ensisin, negh gher tid yellan di Biljik, ma d wid yettr'uh'un gher tesdawiyin talmaniyin ttasen-d
deg wemkan wis tlata. Ayen yerran tadghert (élite) taluksemburgit d tin iqerben gher yedles afr'ensis netta d ansay-nsen (tradition)
aqbur, imi si zik ay ughen abrid n usselmed n tefr'ensist akk d welmad di tesdawiyin n tutlayt tafr'ensist, maca tettekka-tt
digh leh'mala ay h'emmlen Yiluksemburgiyen idles afr'ensis akk d wahil n usselmed ay yettd'afar ugherbaz aluksemburgi : at'as
n medden di Luxembourg ay yeqqaren idlisen akk d tsufighin (publications) yuran s tefr'ensist yernu amur meqqren si teywalin
(communications) yuran s tefr'ensist ay urant. Tt'aqa akk di tsufighin n waggagen n Luxembourg urant si tt'erf alamma d tt'erf
s tefr'ensist, yernu s tutlayt-a ay d-teffghent ula d tisghunin (revues) tidelsanin akk d tid n yelmez'yen. D acu kan, ula
d tamussni n talmanit akk d uz'ar ay tecrek tneggarut-a akk d tluksemburgit d ayen ay d-yernan timmer'kantit i yedles aluksemburgi
yernu yerra tamurt-a d tawh'idt deg wemd'al, ur telli tmurt ay tt-icuban deg wanect-a.
S waya, tettghimi-d Luxembourg d yiwet n tmurt yeldin mlih' ghef yidelsan iberr'aniyen, ladgha imi ay tella
d tamurt tamect'iuh't (tesâa kan 2586 km2) yernu ula d imezdaghen-is ur tt'uqqten ara (ala kan 399.239 n yemdanen), dgha ulamek
ay d-yennulfa deg-s yedles aghelnaw amer'kanti yernu yesâan aswir (niveau) âlayen akken ay d-yennulfa di tmura ay tt-yugaren.
Annefsusi ay nnefsusin Yiluksemburgiyen sdat n yiberr'aniyen akk d weqbal ay qeblen idelsan iberr'aniyen
d ayen ay ten-yeddjan ur ttilin ara d imdanen ay ighelqen ghef yiman-nsen, wanag addjudjeg ay yeddjudjeg yedles di Luxembourg
akk d wazal yesâa d ayen yessewhamen akk medden. Di tallit n umezgun (théâtre) ttasent-d gher Luxembourg trebbaâ timeqqrenin
akk n umezgun n Fr'ansa, n Lalman negh n Biljik. Tizeghwin n usarug (salles de cinéma) mechur'en akk di tmurt-a sskanent-d
akk isura imaynuten ay d-iteffghen deg wemd'al yernu s tutlayin-nsen tines'liyin. Yernu tama i deg d-tuzga Luxembourg d tin
ay yeddjan Iluksemburgiyen zemren ad d-tt'fen tiregwa (chaînes) n rr'adyu akk d tilibizyu ama d tid Fr'ansa, negh d tid n
Lalman negh n Biljik, mebla ma nettu tiregwa tighalnawin tiluksemburgiyin. Tilibizyu n ugensa (télévision satellite) mechur'et
at'as di Luxembourg yernu din ay tesâa tkebbanit n ASTRA taghsart-is (station).
Asseqdec n tutlayin timeqqranin n tgherma di Luxembourg d ayen ay d-yeglan s lfayda tameqqrant, d acu kan,
anect-a yegla-d digh s wuguren. Imi ur tesâi ara Luxembourg idles idjehden yernu d aqbur s tutlayt taluksemburgit, amaru yettarun
s tutlayt-a yettaf-d iman-is amzun ur yezmir ara ad d-yesnulfu ayen ara ilin yines negh ara d-yesseknen ayen yettxemmim s
tidet s yisem-is d amaru aluksemburgi.
Yugh lh'al, anect-a yezmer ad d-yessken d akken ala kan d tutlayt tayemmat, tin i yes yettmeslay yernu yettxemmim
wemdan, d tin kan ay izemren ad tili d allal (instrument) n wesnulfu di tsekla. D acu kan, xas ma yella taluksemburgit d tutlayt
ay ixuss'en deg wawalen ma neqren-itt gher tutlayin nnid'en, imura iluksemburgiyen snulfuyen-d yis-s, ladgha di tmedyazt tanaftayt
(poésie sentimentale) akk d umezgun aghelnaw, d acu kan, tuget di tsekla-yagi d tin n wawal, maci d tin yuran. Imura iluksemburgiyen
yettarun s talmanit sseqdacen yiwet n tutlayt ay iqerben gher tutlayt-sen tayemmat yernu medden akk ughen yid-s tanumi. Talmanit
ay yettuseqdacen di tsekla taluksemburgit qlil kan sandi ay tettawed' s aswir n tsekla talmanit ifazen, d acu kan, awalen
n tutlayt taluksemburgit ay ssekcamen yimura iluksemburgiyen deg yiqeddicen-nsen n talmanit ttaken-as lbenna nnid'en i tsekla-yagi
yernu ttaddjan-tt ad tili d tasekla zeddigen, d tin n wesnulfu. D anect-a ay yeddjan Iluksemburgiyen yettarun tasekla s tefr'ensist
ur seââun ara azal meqqren, imi deg wennar-agi n tsekla, tafr'ensist ttawlin-tt d tutlayt kan taberr'anit yettwalmaden deg
wakal n tutlayt tajirmanit. Dgha qlil kan sanda ay yettawed' umaru aluksemburgi yesseqdacen tutlayt tafr'ensist ad d-yesnulfu
taghawsa ara ilin d taluksemburgit, wanag tuget deg-sen ur ttawd'en ara s aswir n wesnulfu alamma kan ughalen ffghen ghef
Luxembourg deg wayen d-ttarun, yernu ddmen idles afr'ensis akken yella. Nnig waya, Iluksemburgiyen smenyafen ad ghren tasekla
tafr'ensist ay d-iteffghen di Paris wala ad ghren tin ara d asen-d-yaru umaru n tmurt-nsen. Win yettarun tasekla s tefr'ensist
di Luxembourg, ma ir'uh' gher mebâid, ad yessiwed' kan s aswir n ufernan (critique) yelhan negh n win yettarun tismed'ranin
(essais) negh d amaru yettarun ghef tussna.
Anda ma nedda deg wemd'al, ad naf d akken tilisa n tutlayin yewâer' ad tent-id-nh'udd. Dgha ula d taluksemburgit
maci ala kan sdaxel n tlisa n Luxembourg ay tt-ttmeslayen wanag llan wat'as n medden ay tt-yettmeslayen ula di tmiwa ay d-yezzin
ghef tmurt-agi. Tutlayt "taplattit" ay ttmeslayen di Lorraine, di Fr'ansa, d tutlayt icuban mlih' taluksemburgit am wakken
tcuba tintalyin n talmanit taâlayant talemmast [Rhinefrankisch, Moselfrankisch]. Yernu llan digh wat'as seg yimezdaghen n
yiwet n tama n Biljik ay iqerben gher Luxembourg, tin umi qqaren "Areler Land", ttmeslayen deg-s taluksemburgit, xas akken
tenned'-asen-d tefr'ensist si yal tama ... Yugh lh'al, timiwa-yagi ay d-yennd'en ghef Luxembourg yernu sseqdacen deg-sent
taluksemburgit, idles afr'ensis akk d yedles almani sâan deg-sent digh lmizan-nsen, xas ma yella tazrirt-nsen (influence)
tettemgerrad si tama gher tayed', d acu kan, nezmer s tidet ad d-nini d akken Luxembourg akk d tmiwa ay d-yezzin fell-as d
amkan i deg ay d-mlalen yernu mmijwadjen yidelsan afr'ensis akk d walmani.
Sghur n Serge Moes
Tasuqilt sghur n Omar MOUFFOK
I tmerniwt n yisallen, tzemrem ad terzum ghef wassaghen-agi :
D amd'iq ay d-yettaken at'as n yisallen ghef tmurt n Luxembourg, imd'iqen-is akk d yimezdaghen.
Tutlayt taluksemburgit s yezwilen*
*chiffres
Tutlayt taluksemburgit d nettat ay d tutlayt taghelnawt n Luxembourg seg wass n 24 Fur'ar' 1984, yernu ttmeslayen-tt
di tmiwa merr'a n tmurt-agi tamect'uh't am wakken ay tt-ttmeslayen di tmiwa n Fr'ansa akk d Biljik ay iqerben gher Luxembourg.
Ach'al ay tt-yettmeslayen ?
Di Luxembourg, tutlayt-a d nettat ay ttmeslayen qrib akk imezdaghen n tmurt, dgha tesâa din azal n 290.000
n yemsiwlen (locuteurs). D acu kan, llan digh di Luxembourg wazal n 110.000 n yiberr'aniyen ay izedghen yernu qeddcen di tmurt-a
yernu yal ass keccmen-d wazal n 65.000 n yemdanen nnid'en si Fr'ansa akk d Biljik akken ad qedcen di Luxembourg yernu tuget
meqqren deg-sen ur ttmeslayen taluksemburgit, ur tt-fehhmen, d acu kan, anabad' n Luxembourg yesselmad tutlayt-a ama i yimeqqranen
ay izedghen di tmurt-a negh i warraw n wigi asmi ara kecmen s agherbaz aghelnaw. Di Fr'ansa, anda ay ttmeslayen taluksemburgit
di tmiwa n Thionville akk d Diddenuewen, di Lorraine, xas ma yella ulac addun (recensement) ghef wach'al ay tt-yettmeslayen
ad ilin wazal n 30 negh n 40.000 n yemdanen ay tt-yesseqdacen di tmiwa-ya. Ma di Biljik, anda ay ttmeslayen taluksemburgit
di tama n Arlon negh Areler Land, ad ilin wazal n 25.000 n yemdanen ay tt-yessnen.
Tagnit n tluksemburgit deg yisud'af (leqwanin) :
Di Luxembourg, xas ma yella taluksemburgit tesâa amkan n tutlayt taghelnawt, anabad' n Luxembourg d tafr'ensist
kan ay yesseqdac di tira n yisud'af (leqwanin), d acu kan, anect-a ur d as-yekkis ara i tluksemburgit ad tettuseqdac deg yinurar
merr'a yerzan tadbelt (administration) akk d teghdemt (justice), yernu iqeddacen ay iqeddcen deg yinurar-agi tewwi-d fell-asen
merr'a ad issinen ad ghren u ad arun u ad mmeslayen taluksemburgit. Ma di Biljik, yessebded-d Useqqamu n Tmetti Tafr'ensiswalt
n Biljik (Conseil de la Communauté Francophone) yiwen n usad'uf di 1990 i lmend n weh'raz akk d wesnerni n tutlayin tiz'iyanin
(régionales), dgha seg yimir-n ay d-sbedden Aseqqamu n Tutlayin Tiz'iyanin akken ad d-yelhu d wuguren merr'a yeqqnen gher
tutlayin-a, yernu taluksemburgit d yiwet si tutlayin i yes d-yelha useqqamu-yagi. Ma di Fr'ansa, ulac akk d acu n uz'ayer
(statut) ay tesâa tutlayt taluksemburgit.
Asselmed-ines :
Di Luxembourg, d taluksemburgit ay d tutlayt n usselmed deg yelmaten n yigerdan (jardins d'enfants), ma
deg ugherbaz amenzu, xas ma yella ah'ric meqqren seg uselmed yettili-d s talmanit, ttilint digh kra n tnegwa (matières) ay
sselmanden s tluksemburgit. Di tesnawit (lycée), ih'ebbes welmad n tluksemburgit yernu tutlayt-a tettuseqdac kan di kra n
temsirin tisensanin (cours pratiques). Ma di tesdawit, taluksemburgit ur tettuselmad, ur tettuseqdac d tutlayt n usselmed,
ala kan deg wannanen (stages) n wid ara yughalen d iselmaden deg yelmaten n yigerdan negh deg yigherbazen imenza negh digh
wid yeqqaren ghef tsekla taluksemburgit. Yugh lh'al, taluksemburgit sselmaden-tt digh i yimeqqranen, ama i yiqeddacen iberr'aniyen
akk d i yiminigen negh i yiqeddacen iluskemburgiyen ay ixuss'en di tutlayt-a. Di tmurt n Biljik, tutlayt tamens'abt n usselmed
d tafr'ensist, d acu kan, at'as seg wid yettmeslayen taluksemburgit di tmurt-a a yessuturen ad tekcem tutlayt-nsen s agherbaz,
yernu deg yiwen n welma n yigerdan n tama-ya, atni a ttaârad'en yiwen n wahil (programme) n usselmed s tutlayt taluksemburgit.
At'as n yimeqqranen ibiljikiyen ara yettnadin digh ad lemden taluksemburgit, ladgha wid ara iqeddcen di Luxembourg, d acu
kan, asselmed-nsen yettemlili-d uguren imi tikwal d iselmaden ay d-ilehhun yid-sen d wid ur nez'wir ara at'as di tluksemburgit.
Ma di Fr'ansa, tutlayt taluksemburgit qrib tghab akk seg wahilen n usselmed n tmiwa i deg ay tt-ttmeslayen. Tutlayt-a sselmaden-tt
kan deg yiwen n ugherbaz alemmas yernu s tin kan n tarmit (expérimentalement), yernu imd'ebbren n yigherbazen n tmiwa-ya fkan
ugar n wazal i uselmed n talmanit. D acu kan, simmal ara ttnernin yimeqqranen ara ilemmden taluksemburgit ula di Fr'ansa,
imi at'as deg wigi d wid digh ay ixeddmen di Luxembourg (azal n 31.000 n yemdanen di 1997).
Taluksemburgit deg yimediaten* :
*médias
Di Luxembourg, tella yiwet n terga taghelnawt, RTL Letzebuerg, tettmeslay ala kan s tluksemburgit, tesskan-d
ahilen yemgerraden (ir'upur't'ajen, tisgilin, isallen, atg.) yernu tesâa tasghent (ddur') s wazal-is deg wesnerni n tutlayt
taluksemburgit ama di tmurt-a, ama berr'a i tlisa, imi ay nezmer ad naf tagra-yagi ula deg ugensa (satellite). Llant digh
tregwa n rr'adyu ay yettmeslayen s kra ara yekk wass s tluksemburgit. Xas ma yella amur meqqren seg yeghmisen s talmanit ay
d-iteffegh yernu ulac ighmisen n tluksemburgit ay d-iteffghen yal ass negh yal ddur't, ighmisen n tutlayt talmanit akk d tefr'ensist
sseddayen-d imagraden s tluksemburgit. D acu kan, llant digh kra n tesghunin ay d-iteffghen ala kan s tluksemburgit yernu
sya gher da ad d-yeffegh digh wedlis amaynut s tutlayt-a.
Taluksemburgit d tutlayt mect'uh'en s wat'as ger n tutlayin ay s-d-yezzin, d acu kan, tessawed' ad d-tekkes
amkan-is di tdamsa (économie) imi ass-a, at'as n yiberr'aniyen ara tt-ilemmden, yernu attan a tneddjer' abrid-is cwit', cwit'
akken ula d nettat ad tughal d tutlayt n yedles, am tutlayin nnid'en.
Sghur Omar MOUFFOK
I tmerniwt n yisallen, rzut ghef wemd'iq-agi :
Win yeslan ad yini i wiyad'
Arut-agh-d, gret-d tamawin-nwen, neqqar lâeslama i s kra n tebrat ara d agh-d-yawd'en sghur-wen.
Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen
BP 129, Poste Didouche Mourad
16006, Alger, Algérie
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