Ammas* n usselmed n tmaziγt d lqanun
ara as-d-iḥudden lecγal-is
*Centre
Ammas aγelnaw aslemdan
d wesnilsi i lmend n usselmed n tmaziγt (Centre national pédagogique et linguistique pour l’enseignement de tamazight)
sbedden-t-id deg useggas n 2003, d acu kan, seg wass-nni ay yeqqim ur yesεi yettusseqεed seg sdaxel, ur banen lecγal-is.
Ammas-a (centre) d yiwen
seg tsuda (institution) ay d-yettusbedden i lmend n wesnerni n yedles d yiles amaziγ u d yiwet seg tγawsiwin ay
d-terbeḥ tmaziγt [deg Ldzayer], imi ammas-a d win ara yesjehden asselmed d unadi deg wenrar n tmaziγt. Anadi
γef tmaziγt ar ass-a werεad ur yeqεid akk-n yessefk, llan kra n yemnuda d iwiziyen (bénévoles) u tikkwal
d Aseqqamu Unnig i Timmuzγa (HCA) ay d-ilehhun d uṣ̣eggem n lecγal n unadi imi ay yennum itteg-d ussan
n tezrawin (études), timliliyin n yimuzzag (spécialistes) d temliliyin niḍen, d acu kan, γas ma yella timliliyin-a
ssuffuγent-d isemtar (recommandations), ulac tasudut ara iqedcen s yisemtar-a deg wenrar neγ ad tḥettem medden
ad qedcen yes-sen. Ihi wa d yiwen seg lecγal ay
nessaram ad d-yelhu id-s wammas-a.
Anadi i lmend
n usseqεed n tmaziγt d kra n yemdanen yesεan lebγi ijehden deg wul-nsen ay t-id-yebdan, u llan, s umata, qeddcen s tuffra.
Deg tgara n yiseggasen n 1960, Mohand Arab Bessaoud yessebded-d Agraw n Yimaziγen (Takadimit Tamaziγt), ma Mouloud Mammeri
yella la yesselmad tamaziγt deg Tesdawit n Ldzayer alama ay d asmi ay yettwamneε usselmed-nni deg 1974. Llan daγen aṭas
n medden iqedcen deg wenrar n unadi n usseqεed n yiles amaziγ, aṭas deg-sen ur ttwassnen ara. D acu kan, γas tessaweḍ tmaziγt tekcem
γer uγerbaz (llakul) d tesdawit, ar ass-a werεad ur telli tsudut (insitution) iqeddcen s lqanun yernu s tfulmant
(autonomie), ara d-yesgerwen akk inadiyen yettwagan uqbel, ad ten-qarnen s tussna u ad d-kksen seg-sen taslemda (pédagogie)
d tidaktit (didactique) ay γef ara msefhamen akk wid iqeddcen γef tmaziγt u ad zemren ad ten-sqedcen deg usselmed n tmaziγt ama deg tesdawit, ama
deg uγerbaz.
Aṭas n
yiselmaden d yemnuda (chercheurs) n tmaziγt ara iqeddcen i lmend n wesnerni n yiles amaziγ ama seg yidis n wesnulfu
n wawalen, ama seg yidis n uṣ̣eggem n teγdirawt (orthographe) neγ n tira n tjeṛṛumt (grammaire),
d acu kan, imi ur ttemlilin ara, leqdicat-nsen ur ttwassnen ara yernu yal yiwen iqeddec seg tama-s mebla ma yeẓra d
acu yettwagayen anda niḍen. Tagnit am ta ur tezmir ara akk ad aγ-tejj ad nessizeγ (standardiser) tamaziγt.
Deg Weγmis
Unṣ̣ib (Journal Officiel) uṭṭun 21, yeffeγ-d weγtas agraγlif (arrêté interministériel) n wass n 28 Meγres 2007 ay d-iḥudden
lecγal d tuddsa (organisation) n Wammas aγelnaw aslemdan d wesnilsi i usselmed n tmaziγt (Centre national pédagogique
et linguistique pour l’enseignement de tamazight). Ammas-a yebḍa γef ṛebεa n yigezda itekniyen
(départements techniques), yiwen i tedbelt tamatut (administration générale), yiwen i teγwalt (communication), yiwen
i ussuffeγ n yedlisen, ma d wayeḍ i usseqεed n yiles (aménagement linguistique). Ammas-a ad yesεu daγen tirebbaε timecṭuḥin
ay yeqqnen γer-s deg tmiwa yemgerraden n tmurt, u yal tarbaεt ad tesεu imḍebber-ines.
Agezdu (departement)
n usseqεed n yiles ad yesεu sin n yimeẓla (services) : amezwaru ad d-yelhu d usseqεed d wesnerni n wawalen n tmaziγt, ma
d wis sin ad d-yelhu d tesnalγa (morphologie), tasnislit (phonologie) d tseddast (syntaxe). Nnig way-a, sin-agi n yimeẓla
yessefk « ad walin ttejṛibat niḍen n usseqεed n yiles ayemmat ama deg tmurt-nneγ, ama deg tmura niḍen,
ladγa deg tmura anda ay ssawalen medden aṭas n yilsawen ».
Γas ma yella aṭas n yejdal ay d-yeffγen deg Ldzayer γef ttejṛibat
n yegduden niḍen deg usseqεed n yilsawen n tmura-nsen (am deg Biljik, Sswis, Kanada, atg.), d tikkelt tamezwarut ay deg ddula
n Ldzayer ad d-terr ula d nettat lwelha-ines γer way-a. Ttejṛibat n yegduden-a d wid ay yessefk ad ttuqarnen u ad neεreḍ
ad d-nesfaydi anect ay nezmer seg-sent. Daγen, d agezdu-a n usseqεed n yiles ara d-yelhun d « uheyyi n tegnit iwulmen i lmend n
ussebded n yiles amaziγ izeγ (standard) ara icerken akk Imaziγen ».
D ay-n ibanen
dakk-n ay-a maci d ccγel fessusen yernu d ay-n ara yeḥwijen aṭas n yiseggasen n leqdic. Akk-n ay d-yenna Salem
Chaker, assizeγ n tmaziγt d win ara d-yilin ladγa deg wenrar. Dγa, awal-a n « wenrar » ur d-neqsid ara yes-s tiṣ̣eddarin
kan n tesdawit neγ tineγra kan (classes) n uγerbaz, wanag asdukkel n tmaziγt d win ara d-yilin ula deg ttawilat n uxebber
am tilibizyu d ṛṛadyu, iγmisen (ijeṛnanen) yuran akk d wawal d uqeṣ̣ṣ̣er gar
madden deg leqdic-nsen. Agezdu-a (department) yettunefk-as daγen ccγel n « lebni n yimawalen imuta (dictionnaires généraux) d tmawalin
(léxiques) yeqqnen γer yinurar yemgerraden n tmussni ». Deg wenrar-a, yella yagi wacu ay d-yettwagan. Mouloud Mammeri
d wid ay t-yezwaren, am Dallet akk d Foucault, rẓan-d yagi asalu u jjan-d kra n leqdicat. Llan daγen kra n yemnuda, γas ur
ttwassnen ara, maca gan-d timawalin yeqqnen γer yinurar yemgerraden n tmussni, zemrent ad ttusqedcent u ad ttusselhunt.
Seg tama niḍen,
agezdu-a n usseqεed n yiles ad d-yelhu d unadi deg wenrar i lmend n usseqreb asnalγan-asnisli (morpho-phonologique)
gar tentalyin (dialectes) yemgerraden n tmaziγt, assebded n yigellusen (axes) n unadi γef tesnalγa d tesnislit tamaziγt ama
deg Ldzayer, ama deg Tmazγa akk d unadi n yinagrawen (systèmes) n tira d teγdirawt (orthographes) akk-n ad d-ttuheyyint
tjeṛṛumin (grammaires) i usselmed n tmaziγt deg uγerbaz (llakul).
Agezdu n tdidaktit,
n teslemda (pédagogie) akk d weḍfar n usselmed d win ara yesεun daγen sin n yimeẓla (services). Ineggura-a ad d-lhun d unadi aẓrawi
(théorique) neγ deg wenrar, i lmend n ussebded n tdidaktit (didactique) ay yes ara slemden tamaziγt s yisem-is d tutlayt
tayemmat u d iles ara yesεun dduṛ deg tudert n unelmad, u ad d-lhun daγen d unadi γef wamek ara ttusselmaden
tutlayin tiyemmatin d way-n yessefken ad yettwag akk-n ad yeqqel usselmed n tmaziγt igerrez, d win ay γef nezmer ad nettkel.
Agezdu n tsekla
(littérature), tiẓuryin (arts), idles akk d tgemmi (patrimoine) taγelnawt tamaziγt ad yesεu ula d netta sin n yimeẓla
ara d-yelhun s ussebded n temkarḍit (bibliothèque) n yedlisen, ma d tayeḍ i tesfifin (cassettes) d yiḍebsiyen
n tmesliwt, tayeḍ i yisura (films). Agezdu-a ad d-yelhu daγen d tsuqilt (asṭerjem) n yedlisen seg tmaziγt γer yilsawen niḍen,
neγ seg yilsawen niḍen γer tmaziγt, u ad yeg ifadden i wakk wid yebγan ad d-snulfun kra n tγawsa deg tsekla, taẓuri, amezruy (ttarix)
neγ timetti (société) d tgemmi tidzayriyin.
Ma d agezdu
(departement) n tutlayin tiyemmatin ad d-yelhu “d tmussni n wakk imukan anda ay ttusseqdacent tutlayin tiyemmatin [deg
Ldzayer], tamussni n wakk tintalyin (dialectes) ay d-mazal ddrent deg tmetti (société) tadzayrit, d ussebed n tbanka n yisefka
(banque de données) n wawalen yettusseqdacen deg tutlayin tiyemmatin”. Daγen, agezdu-a n tutlayin tiyemmatin “ad
iγer γef wazal d dduṛ ay tesεa yal tutlayt tayemmat deg Ldzayer deg tmetti (société) d wassaγen (relations) yellan
gar tutlayin-a », u “ad γren γef wamek ara ttemqaraben tutlayin-a wagar-asent ».
Agezdu n tedbelt
tamatut (departement d’administration générale) ad d-yelhu d usseddu n lecγal n yiqeddacen d ttawilat n leqdic, maca,
nnig way-a, d netta ara d-yelhun d teγwalt (communication) (assaγen uffiγen [relations extérieurs],
assebded n udeg [site] n internet, assuffeγ n yedlisen d leqdicat ay d-iga wammas [centre]), am wakk-n ara yeg timeskanin
tussnanin (manifestations scientifiques) u ad d-yelhu d wesεeddi [valorisation] n leqadicat d yixemmimen ay d-gan wid ay iqeddcen
deg wammas-nni).
Deg wenrar n
tmaziγt, taggara-a, la neggar tamawt dakk-n madden qqlen la ttnadin γef way-n ara inefεen, maci γef yimenγiyen-nni n tsertit (politique)
ur nettṛuḥu ara γer mebεid. Dγa, tura neqqel nettxemmim γef wamek ara nesseqdec ay-n ay d-terbeḥ tmaziγt i wakk-n ad tt-nenfeε u ad
as-nessali aswir-ines (niveau) akk-n yessefk.
I wesmekti,
Belaïd Abrika, anesmigel (délégué) n leεṛac, mi d-yessawel deg wass n lexmis iεeddan [19 Yebrir] deg Ṛṛadyu
Tis Snat, yenna-d : “tura, 20 Yebrir ur d-yeqqim ara d azamul kan (symbole). Ur neḥwaj ara azamul ur d-nettawey
acemma. Yessefk ad nessutter seg ddula ad tessebded tasertit n tutlayt (politique linguistique) n tidet”. Nnig way-a,
Abrika yenna-d ixebber-d s ussebded n yiwet n Tkadimit n yiles amaziγ u yenna-d dakk-n γas ma yella aṭas ay d-terbeḥ
tmaziγt deg yiseggasen-a ineggura, taqaεet (plate-forme) n Leqṣ̣er yettwaxdem kan seg-s 20 %.
Sγur Amar Naït Messaoud
Seg Dépêche
de Kabylie, 22 Yebrir 2007, uṭṭun 1485
Tasuqilt
: Omar MOUFFOK
