Amek ara neg ifadden i yelmeẓyen akk-n ad qqaren ?

Gar wussan n 31 Tubeṛ ed 9 Nwembeṛ 2007, tella-d deg Ldzayer ”Tamesrit n Wedlis” (Salon du livre), dγa, deg tegnit am ta, nesmektay-d tamsalt ed wuguren ay yesεa wedlis deg tmurt-nneγ. Yuγ lḥal, yessefk ad d-nini tidet, amur ameqran deg Yidzayriyen ur qqaren ara, γas ma yella nitni maci d ljens awḥid ur neqqar ara.

Tamsalt n wenqas n tγuri tecγeb ula d timura tiγerbiyin, d acu kan, uguren ttemgerraden (ttemxallafen) seg tmurt γer tayeḍ. D ay-n ibanen belli ur nezmir ad nqaren Ldzayer γer tmura tiγerbiyin, yerna ssebbat yettajjan medden ur qqaren ara deg tmurt-nneγ ur εdilent ara ed tid n tmura niḍen. Idzayriyen ay yejjan adlis (taktabt) taggara-a, maci d aḥemmel ur ḥemmlen ara taγuri, wanag qqlen ur bγin ara ad γren.

Yuγ lḥal, ssebba yessawḍen s ay-a d taqburt. Deg 1962, asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug-ines (indépendance), d Awanak (ddula) ay yeṭṭfen anrar n wedlis, d netta ay d-yelhan yes-s u d netta ay t-iḥekmen. D ay-a ay yejjan medden ad kukrun yerna ur ttamnen ara idlisen ay d-yessuffuγ Uwanak, imi ay llan ttwalin-ten d idlisen n tezniwt (propagande). Idlisen-nni medden ḥeqren-ten, maca d nitni kan ay yellan sεan cciεa deg tnedlisin (librairies), d acu kan, akk-n kan ay ttγimin alama d asmi ara yisliwen deg γef tṛeffyin.

Seg yimir-nni ay qqlen Yidzayriyen ttamnen kan imura (écrivains) ay d-yessuffuγen idlisen-nsen deg lbeṛṛani, ladγa deg Fṛansa. Γas ttwagedlen (ttwamenεen) kra n yedlisen, medden llan ttawyen-ten-id s tuffra, ”sdaxel n uqelmun”, yerna mi ara d-awḍen γer tmurt, ttemyeḥwasen-ten yeffuden taγuri. Dγa, seg 1962 ay yeqqel wugur n tlelli n wawal d yiwen seg wuguren imeqranen ay d-yettemlili wedlis deg Ldzayer.

D ay-a ay yejjan imura idzayriyen ad d-ssuffuγen idlisen-nsen deg lbeṛṛani. D acu kan, seg tama niḍen, win ara d-yessuffγen adlis-ines deg Lqahira (wid yettarun s taεṛabt), neγ win ara t-id-yessuffγen deg Paris (wid yettarun s tefṛensist) yeḍmen daγen ad yeqqel mechuṛ. Dγa γef way-a, Idzayriyen qqlen ttwalin belli ala d idlisen ay d-itteffγen deg tmunaγ (capitales) timeqranin n ddunit ay d idlisen igerrzen, yerna tamuγli-a tḍurr acḥal n yiseggasen imura-nni (écrivains) idzayriyen ay d-yessuffuγen idlisen deg tmurt-nsen.

Yerna tamuγli-a yeccḍen mazal tettkemmil ara ass-a. Imura (écrivains) idzayriyen yettarun u ssuffuγen-d idlisen-nsen deg Ldzayer sεan tabγest (lkuṛaj) yerna uklalen leqder, imi, win ara yarun deg tmurt-a yeḥwaj ṣ̣ṣ̣ber (ed tmussni ifazen, ay-a d ay-n ibanen), yerna γas ma yella ass-a tagnit n tlelli n wawal tbeddel, maca ula d tamurt tbeddel u yeqqel umaru la yettaru deg yiwet n twennaḍt (environnement) ur t-nettεawan ara akk akk-n ad d-yesnulfu.

Nnig way-a, imura yettarun deg Ldzayer ẓran daγen belli ay anect yebγu ssnen-t, medden mazal ad ten-ḥesben deg lbal-nsen d imura ur nfaz ara mi ara ten-qarnen γer wid d-yessuffuγen deg lbeṛṛani. Γas ma yella imenγi γef tlelli n wawal mazal ad yiγzif, nezmer ad d-nini belli, akk-n yebγu yili, taggara-a, anrar n ussuffeγ n yedlisen tettunefk-as tlelli, assenzi n yedlisen yeqqel gar yifassen n wusligen (privés) yerna imura idzayriyen qqlen ttarun-d ass-a γef kra n temsal yellan zik d awezγi ad d-yaru fell-asent yiwen.

Tamesrit (salon) n wedlis d tagnit ay deg wid iqeddcen deg wenrar n yedlisen ttemlilin yerna srusuyen-d idlisen-nsen. Aḥdaṛ n teẓrigin (éditions) tibeṛṛaniyin yesskanay-d belli tamurt teqqel teldi γef ddunit tabeṛṛanit γas ma yella mazal adras (censure) yessexṣ̣ar kra n tegnatin, am temsalt-nni ay d-yeḍran deg 2006 ed teẓrigin La Découverte.

D acu kan, tikta-nni (lfekrat) n zik mazal-itent ddrent deg lbal n medden, imi mazal-iten ttxemmimen belli imura (écrivains) ay d-yessuffuγen idlisen-nsen deg lbeṛṛani d nitni ay d imura n tidet u d imura yelhan, yerna ttgen ay-a imi ur zmiren ara ad d-arun γef way-n ay asen-yehwan deg tmurt-nsen. Dγa ar ass-a mazal llan kra la ttwalin belli tilelli n wawal d nettat ay d ssebba n wugur n wedlis deg Ldzayer.

Idzayriyen mazal-iten ttafken kan azal i yedlisen d-itteffγen deg Fṛansa, yerna akk imura idzayriyen ssaramen kan ad ten-id-iṣ̣aḥ ad qqlen mechuṛit deg Paris. Maci d lεib ma yessarem yiwen ad yeqqel mechuṛ deg temdint-a, imi Paris d yiwet seg temdinin yesεan azal ameqran akk deg ddunit. Nnig way-a, kra n win yettarun idlisen yettalas ad yeḍmeε ad yettwassen deg ddunit. D acu kan, deg tallit-nni n tmerwa taberkant (décennie noire) aṭas n Yidzayriyen ay d-yessuffγen idlisen-nsen deg Fṛansa, maca qlilit mliḥ wid ay yeqqlen ttwassnen u rnan ssuffγen-d idlisen din.

Ugur n tlelli n wawal yezmer ad yili d netta kan ay d ssebba tameqrant ara aγ-yejjen ad nefhem ayγer Idzayriyen ur qqaren ara neγ qqaren kan ciṭṭ ? Iban belli ala, acku ass-a, tinedlisin (librairies) qqlent ccuṛent d idlisen xir n zik, u ad naf deg-sent ama d idlisen idzayriyen, ama d ibeṛṛaniyen, yerna imura idzayriyen qqlen ttarun s tlelli, xir n zik. D acu kan, ugur ameqran netta d win n tedrimt, imi tazmert n tmesγiwt (pouvoir d’achat) n Yidzayriyen la ineqqes, yerna yeqqel wedlis γlay fell-asen u qlilit Yidzayriyen ay izemren ad t-id-aγen.

Idzayriyen qqlen la ttnadin γef wamek ara ddren (ugur n waman, lexṣ̣aṣ̣ n uxeddim, ugur n tnezduγt, ugur n tumnayt [transport] ...) ed wamek ara qablen tilufa ay-n ay asen-yerran tudert-nsen d asawen, dγa win ara asen-yinin belli ula d adlis d ”ucci”, am win ara yettihin fell-asen. Dγa ass-a, γas ma yella adabu yesεa nneyya yelhan, yefka-as tilelli i wenrar n ussuffeγ n yedlisen, yejja usligen (privés) ad ssenzen idlisen yerna iga-d Tamesrit (salon) n wedlis ... adlis deg Ldzayer yeqqel deg yir tagnit imi medden qqlen lhan-d ed wuguren-nsen n tudert yerna yeqqel wedlis γer-sen ur yesεi ara akk azal.

D acu kan, deg Ldzayer maci ala d wid d-yettmagaren uguren n tudert ur neqqar ara, imi ”aγanzu n wedlis” iḥuza akk medden, akk-n tebγu tili tegnit-nsen deg tmetti (société). Yuγ lḥal, ssebba yejjan medden ur la qqaren ara meγγret ugar yerna deg uγerbaz (llakul) ara naf iẓuran-ines. Aγerbaz adzayri ur igi ara ccγel-ines : ur yesselmed ara i yinelmaden amek ara ḥemmlen adlis.

Aγlif (ministère) n tteṛbeyya ed win n yedles acḥal n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ara tteffren γef medden belli adlis d netta ay d tiqenṭert ay seg yessefk ad εeddin akk wid yebγan ad awḍen γer tmussni u ad ldin leεqul-nsen γef ddunit. Dγa s way-a, iγlifen-a ur as-fkin ara i wedlis amkan-nni ay yuklal ad t-yesεu deg tmetti (société). Ilmeẓyen idzayriyen ur la qqaren ara. Zzhu-nsen ameqran netta mi ara qqimen ad qeṣ̣ṣ̣ren deg internet. Deg way-a, ur mgerraden ara (ur mxallafen ara) ed yelmeẓyen niḍen n ddunit.

Maca ay-n yerwin tagnit deg Ldzayer netta d lqella n temkarḍiyin (bibliothèques), yerna tid yellan yagi d tigellilin, ur sεint ara aṭas n yedlisen yerna ur ttεawanent deg wacemma wid yeqqaren. Ihi, amek ara nessemsuγal (ad nessemṣ̣alaḥ) Idzayriyen ed yedlisen n tmurt-nsen ? Amek ara d-nerr laman gar umaru (écrivain) adzayri yettarun deg Ldzayer ed wid ara t-yeγren ? Amek ara nerr ilemẓyen-nneγ qqaren ? S wawal niḍen, amek ara nejj adlis ad yettnuzu xir deg Ldzayer ?

Tamsalt n tdamsa (économie) d tasertit (politique) ara tt-yefrun. Maca ula d tamsalt n tlelli n wawal teqqen mliḥ γer tsertit. Ihi, mazal nezmer ad d-nessukkes adlis deg Ldzayer neγ iεedda lawan imi ass-a yeqqel wedlis aliktṛuni (électronique) yezmer ad as-yawey amkan-is i wedlis n lkaγeḍ yerna s internet, nezmer ad nẓer akk ay-n la iḍerrun deg ddunit ?

Mi d-nenna, deg tazwara n umagrad-a (article) belli ugur n tγuri yerza ula d timura tiγerbiyin, ssebba n way-a nettat adlis n lkaγeḍ yebda la iγelli uzal-ines imi ay d-yennulfa wedlis aliktṛuni, yerna adlis n lkaγeḍ yeγli uzal-ines ula zik, asmi ay d-tennulfa ṛṛadyu ed tilibizyu.

D acu kan, ttawil n uxebber ur yezmir ad yawey amkan n ttawil n uxebber niḍen, yal yiwen seg leṣ̣naf n ttawilat n uxebber yesεa amkan-ines ed dduṛ-ines. Deg Lγerb, γas ma yella adlis n lkaγeḍ yesεa uguren, maca mazal ad ikemmel ad yesεu azal sya ar sdat; yuγ lḥal, seg wasmi ay d-yennulfa internet, ula d adlis n lkaγeḍ ”la t-ttdellilen”, la t-ttḥuddun yerna la t-id-ssirxisen akk-n ad ten ifadden i medden ixuṣ̣ṣ̣en akk-n ad t-id-aγen. Γef umedya (lemtel), deg Fṛansa adlis yesεa azal awḥid (prix unique) yerna ssuffuγen-d daγen deg tmurt-a ”adlis n ljib”, win umi yerxes wazal, maca, seg tama niḍen, la rennunt la leddint temkariḍiyin timaynutin yerna tid yellan yagi, la tent-ssemγaren. Nnig way-a, imuzzag (spécialistes) n wedlis la ttxemmimen amek ara rren adlis d sselεa n ussuder (bien de consommation) am sselεat niḍen.

I deg Ldzayer d acu ara neg ? Tamenzut, d aγerbaz (llakul) ay yessefken ad asen-yesselmed i yigerdan amek ara ldin adlis u t-γren, yerna ay-a d ay-n fessusen. Maca amek ara d-nexleq γer yelmeẓyen idzayriyen lbenna-nni n tiẓeḍt n tγuri deg lweqt ay deg amur ameqran deg-sen ddren yir tudert (ssuffγen-ten-id seg uγerbaz, ur la qeddcen ara ...), ttekken ass s lekmal-is sennden γer yiγerban deg temdinin ed tuddar, yerna ttxemmimen kan γef yiwet n temsalt : amek ara rewlen seg tmurt ? Mi ara nxemmem γef tmeyyatin-nni n yelmeẓyen ay yettalin γef teflukin n lḥif akk-n ad ṛuḥen γer way-n ttxemmimen d timura n rrbeḥ yerna ad sebblen iγfawen-nsen, γas zemren ad mmten, imir-nni nezmer ad nxemmem belli tamsalt n wedlis deg tmurt-nneγ iεedda-tt zzman, yerna ass-a nuweḍ γer yiwet n tegnit ay deg yessefk ad nxemmem ad nefru meγγren ugar.

Seg El Watan n 6 Nwembeṛ 2007

Sγur Leila Benammar Benmansour