Internet ed yigemmayen* niḍen

*agemmay : alphabet.

 D iseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ara ssutturent waṭas n tmura lḥeqq-nsent deg usseqdec n tira-nsent deg tirawt n yismawen n yideggen (sites) n Internet, maca alama ay d aseggas-a ay yesteεṛef wudus (organisme) amarikani ay d-yelhan s way-a akk-n ad ttusqedcent tira niḍen deg tansiwin (lladrisat) n Internet, menγir agemmay (alphabet) alatini . Tura, ismawen n yideggen zemren ad ttwarun s lekmal-nsen s ḥdac n yigemmayen ed yinagrawen (systèmes) niḍen n tira am tira tihendiyin ed tira ticinwatin.  

Ass n letniyen (15 Tubeṛ), udus (organisme) amarikani amarikani ay d-yelhan ed tansiwin (lladrisat) n Internet (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers – Icann) ad yeεreḍ ed yecriken-ines seg tmura niḍen, ismawen n yinurar (noms de domaines) yettwarun s ḥdac n yinagrawen (systèmes) n tira, gar-asen tira n taεṛabt, n tfarsit, n tcinwat taḥerfit (simple) ed tciwat tamensayt (traditionnelle), n trusit, n thendit, n tegrigit, n tkurit, n tεebrit, n tjapunit ed ttamulit.

Timeyyatin n yimelyunen n medden ay yesseqdacen tira-a zemren ad εerḍen, deg udeg (site) n ICANN, ad arun tansiwin (lladrisat) n internet s tira-nsen akk-n ad sfeqden ma yella tteddunt. Zik, ICANN tella ur tqebbel ara ad ttwarunt tansiwin n internet s lekmal-nsent s tira niḍen ma maci d agemmay (alphabet) alatini, dγa ala d aḥric amezwaru n tansa ay yezmer bab-is ad tt-yaru s tira niḍen. Aḥric aneggaru, win umi qqaren ”isem n wenrar” (nom de domaine), am ”.com” (i yideggen imzenziyen – sites commerciaux) neγ ”.cn” i yideggen icinwaten, γef lemtel, yella yessefk γef bab-is ad ten-yaru ala s 26-nni n yisekkilen (lḥuṛuf) n ugemmay alatini imi d wid kan ay d isekkilen n tlugent (norme) n ASCII ay d-yettwagan deg yiseggasen n 1960. S way-a, win yettarun s ugemmay asirili (cyrillique, am win yettarun s trusit), yezmer kan ad yaru aḥric amezwaru n tansa-ines (adresse) s yisekkilen isiriliyen, maca ”.com” ad t-yaru s yisekkilen ilatiniyen. Win yettarun s taεṛabt, zik, mi ara yaru tansa-ines, ad tira-nni n taεṛabt ad tteddunt seg uyeffus γer uzelmaḍ, ma d isem n wenrar (”.com” neγ d ay-n niḍen) ad yettwaru seg uzelmaḍ γer uyeffus. Maca tura, ismawen n yideggen zemren ad ttwarun s lekmal-nsen s tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin. Aselway (président) n ICANN, Paul Twomey yenna-d, deg udeg n wudus-a (site de l’organisme) belli ”ay-a ad yili d yiwen seg yibeddilen imeqranen akk ay d-yeḍran deg Internet seg wasmi ay d-yennulfa”.

Γef leḥsab n ICANN, tira ay d-yettwafernen akk-n ad kecment deg ubeddel-a d tid n tmettiyin (communautés) ay d-yerran lwelha-nsent u ssuttrent-d ad d-yili ubeddel-a. Deg useggas n 2000 ay fernen, deg ICANN akk-n ad steεṛfen s tira niḍen ur nelli d tilatiniyin, maca uguren itekniyen (techniques) ed wuguren isertiyen (politiques) ay γef ur msefhament ara kra n tmura jjan ICANN ad tεeṭṭel sebεa n yiseggasen akk-n ad yeg abeddel-a.

Yagi, deg 2003, ICANN testeεṛef s ussekcem n tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin i lmend n tirawt n weḥric amezwaru n yismawen n yideggen (sites). Gar way-a d way-n niḍen, azal n tnac n tmura, gar-asent Ccinwa, Rusya ed Kurya, εyant seg uṛaji u snulfant-d i yiman-nsent tansiwin (lladrisat) s tira-nsent. Maca, seg tama niḍen, timura-a llant bγant ur ttajjant ara ICANN ad yeḥkem deg tira-nsent, u ttwalint Iwunak Yeddukklen (Etats-Unis) d tamurt iqehren akk timura niḍen deg wenrar n internet. D acu kan, ṛṛay ay ḍefrent tmura-a yegla-d s kra n wuguren, imi ay d-snulfant isekkilen (lḥuṛuf) yellan yagi γer ICANN maca sεan azal niḍen.

« Ugar n 10 n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ay as-nefka i uselway (président) n ICANN taknussna (technologie) akk-n ad d-nesnulfu ismawen n yinurar (noms de domaines) s waṭas n yilsawen” ay d-yenna S. Subbiah i tγamsa (presse). Yuγ lḥal, Subbiah d win ay d-yesnulfan yiwet seg tlugan (normes) timezwura i tirawt n tansiwin (lladrisat) n internet s waṭas n yilsawen. ”Ma d netta, iṛuḥ am win ara aγ-d-yeqqaren : ”aql-i ceγleγ aṭas, lemdet tanglizit””. Γef leḥsab n Subbiah, llan 138 n yimelyunen n yismawen n yinurar (noms de domaines) deg ddunit, u sin n yimelyunen deg-sen ttwarun s tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin. Aselway amezwaru n ICANN, Mike Roberts yesteεṛef belli udus-nsen (organisme) iεeṭṭel aṭas akk-n ad yeg abeddel-a u yenna-d : ”Ijenyuṛen llan ttxemmimen lemmer ad d-nernu tira ur nelli d tilatiniyin, internet ad yerwi u ad d-ilin deg-s wuguren”.

Maca yessefk daγen ad d-nger tamawt belli llan wuguren isertiyen (politiques) ay yejjan abeddel-a ad iεeṭṭel. Kra n tmura ur qbilent ara ad yili useklas (registre) amarikani VeriSign d netta ay d aseklas awḥid ara d-yelhun ed yismawen n yinirar yettfakan s ”.com”, ladγa imi azgen seg yideggen (sites) n ddunit ttfakan yes-s. Timura ur msefhament ara daγen γef temsalt niḍen yemcubbaken, gar-asent d acu-t wudus (organisme) ara d-yelhun ed yideggen yettwagan s yilsawen ay yettusseqdacen deg waṭas n tmura ? Lemmer ad d-yili ubeddel-a, zemrent ahat ad ilin kra n tmura ara yesjehden adras-nsent (censure) ? Yerna, amgerrad (amxallaf) deg tira yezmer ad yejj kra ad akren idrimen s internet. Γef umedya (lemtel), Paypal d yiwen n udeg yettwassnen i uxelleṣ̣ n tγawsiwin timecṭuḥin deg internet.  Ssawḍen kra ad d-gen yiwen n udeg am netta, maca n tkellax. Deg yisem-is, kifkif, maca ”a” ay yettusqedcen i tira n yiwen n win-nni n tkellax ur yelli d win n ugemmay alatini wanag d win n ugemmay asirili (arusi), dγa d ay-a ay yejjan wid ay d-igan win n tkellax ad akren yes-s idrimen s yisem n udeg-nni n tidet.

A.F.P.

Seg El Watan – 15 Tubeṛ 2007

Sγur Samir Ben Djafar