Asmekti n 17 Tubeṛ 1961

16 Tubeṛ 2007

Ass n 17 Tubeṛ 1961 d acu ay asen-d-yesmektay i yelmeẓyen-nneγ ... neγ ula d imeqranen-nneγ ? D ass n temlilit taneggarut (finale) n teqbuct n ddunit n tkurt n uḍar ? Neγ d ass ay deg d-yella wemyuṭṭaf (accrochage) d ameqran gar yiserdasen n Fṛansa ed yemjuhad deg yidurar-nneγ ay seg d-tuli ”taγect n yergazen ilelliyen yeγγaren i uzarug (indépendance)”, akk-n nella ncennu zik ? 

Ldzayer timziregt (indépendante) teqqim acḥal ur tefki azal i wass n 17 Tubeṛ, alama ay yeqqel wass-nni yettban-d d abeṛṛani γef umezruy (ttarix) n Ldzayer. Dγa nettwali d lawan ad bdun wid yettekkan deg tedyanin n wass-nni akk ed wid yellan d inagan imir-n ad bdun ad ssawalen fell-as skud mazal cfan, akk-n ass-nni ur yettwattu ara neγ ur t-ttaddamen ara wid ara yebγun ad t-sqedcen deg nnfeε-nsen. Ass n 17 Tubeṛ yuklal ad as-yettunefk wemkan s wazal-is u ad yers gar tedyanin ur nettwattu ara deg umezruy-nneγ.

Ass-a uwḍen 46 n yiseggasen ay-a seg wasmi ay ffγen yiminigen idzayriyen deg yiḍ, deg yizenqan imeqranen n Paris, akk-n ad ddun, ad gen tameskant (tamesbanit) u ad d-sseknen belli ugin agdal-nni n tuffγa (couvre-feu) ay d-yettwaḥettmen fell-asen. Imsulta (ibulisen), tamḍift tazirazt (garde mobile) akk ed yiγallen n tkebbanit tagdudant n tγellist (CRS - compagnie républicaine de sécurité) mmγen-d akk γef Yidzayriyen yerna gan deg-sen tagezzart (massacre). Deg umezruy (ttarix) n Paris, qlil anda ay ttewten medden ay d-yeffγen ad ddun s lehna s tiwweḥcit am ta. Gar n 200 ed 300 n medden ay yemmuten, 3000 ttwajerḥen u 11500 ttwaṭṭfen deg yiwen yiḍ. Azekka-nni, 1000 n tlawin ed 500 n yigerdan ay yernan ttwaṭṭfen.

Tadyant-a, tlatin n yiseggasen ay εerḍen ad tt-ffren wid yebγan ad tt-nekṛen, maca, deg tgara, teflali-d tidet. Asmi ay d-yettwakcef way-n yeḍran deg Fṛansa, kra seg yemḍembbren ifṛensisen iεlayanen smecṭḥen tamsalt-a, ur uminen ara belli anect-nni akk n medden ay yettwanγan, ttwajerḥen neγ ttwaṭṭfen yerna nekṛen tiwweḥcit n way-n gan yemsulta (ibulisen). Maca wid-nni ay yettekkan deg lecγal-a iweḥciyen ur zmiren ara ad kemmlen ad nekkṛen ay-n gan i lebda.

Anebdad (préfet) Maurice Papon [yellan d netta ay d anebdad n temsulta n Paris asmi ay ḍran tedyanin-a] yeεreḍ ad iḥudd iman-is ama deg 1988, asmi ay iεedda deg ccṛeε deg Bordeaux, ama deg Tubeṛ n 2000, deg wexxam n ccṛeε n Paris. Γef leḥsab n Papon, imsulta (ibulisen) sferqen wid yettekkan deg tmeskanin (timesbaniyin) s ”kra kan n tiytiwin”, yerna mi ẓedmen yiγallen n laman γef medden, mmuten kan sin ”n Yefriqiyen n Ugafa” (Nord-Africains), u yemmut id-sen ula d yiwen n wemsebrid afṛensis imi ”s tezγint n wul” (crise cardiaque), γef leḥsab n wakk-n d-yenna Papon. Yuγ lḥal, Papon yeεreḍ ad idel tidet s uceṭṭiḍ n lεaṛ mebla ma yessetḥa.

D acu yeḍran deg tidet ?

Papon yenna-d belli deg wayyur-nni n « Ctembeṛ aberkan”, uqbel ma tella-d tmeskant-nni (tamesbanit), llant-d 62 n tenṭagin (attentats) ”ay nezmer ad tent-nesbibb i FLN [Tirni n Weslelli Aγelnaw], u mmuten deg-sent 2 n yifesyanen (officiers), 1 n ufesyan n lehna ed sin n yemεiwnen (wi d iḥerkiyen n Paris neγ d wid umi qqaren tikumbutin tiẓerwalin [calots bleus]), am wakk-n jerḥen 14 n yinuwar n temsulta (fonctionnaires de police)”.  Γef ljal n way-a, deg wayyur-nni n Ctembeṛ, adabu afṛensis yebda-d yiwen n wemḥaq d aweḥci γef FLN.  Γef leḥsab n Papon, imsulta (ibulisen) bdan la ssutturen lekwaγeḍ i Yidzayriyen inselmen u ḥebsen-d 15.414 seg-sen akk-n ad tḥeqqen γef tnettit-nsen (identité). 

Awal n « akk-n ad tḥeqqen γef tnettit-nsen (identité)” qesden-d yes-s tuṭṭfa, tiyita ed uεetteb, yerna aṭas seg wid ay γef sεeddan akk ay-a εellqen-ten deg tẓegwa ay d-iqerben γer Paris neγ sγerqen-ten deg tregwa neγ deg wasif n La Seine, neγ nγan-ten s rrṣ̣aṣ̣ neγ wten-ten s tdebbuzin alama ay asen-rẓan iqecruren-nsen (crânes) neγ sṭerḍqen-asen tasa-nsen. Yiwet seg tγawsiwin ay d-yesbeyynen ay-a netta d yiwet n tseγrut (déclaration) ay d-tga yiwet n terbaεt n yemsulta igdudanen (policiers républicains) {deg wass n 31 Tubeṛ 1961]. Tarbaεt-a n yemsulta ur teqbil ara tiwweḥcit ara yettεeddin γef Yidzayriyen, yili imsulta niḍen teqqel γer-sen tiwweḥcit-a d taγawsa n menwala. Deg tseγrut-nni ay d-uran wayt terbaεt-a nezmer ad d-naf tiγawsiwin yessexlaεen, ur tent-iqebbel leεqel.

D amḥaq yessexlaεen

”Deg Saint-Denis, Idzayriyen ay d-leqḍen seg yizenqan la ten-kkaten d tirni deg teγsart n temsulta (poste de police). Deg yiwen yiḍ, seg melmi kan, mmuten aṭas n medden. Ugar n tlatin n yemdanen seg wid yettewten s tiwweḥcit, ttwaḍeyyren deg terga ur ukin. Deg Noisy-le-Sec, yeḍra yiwen n usehwu (accident) ay deg tekcem yiwet n Dauphine deg yiwen n ukamyun. Anehhaṛ n Dauphine-nni d adzayri, yejreḥ yerna yenḍerr. Dγa uwyent γer sbiṭar deg umesni n temsulta (car de police). Maca d acu yeḍran deg umesni-nni ? Amsujji (aṭbib) ay iwalan adzayri-nni deg sbiṭar yufa-d belli yettwanγa s yiwet n terṣ̣aṣ̣t n 7,65 mm. Ma d anezraf n tsestant (juge d’instruction) ay yerzan γef wemkan terra-t tmara ad yessutter ad as-d-rnun tilγa (informations) γef temsalt-a ...  Deg Saint-Denis, deg Aubervilliers akk ed kra n yisunen (arrondissements) n Paris, ffγent-d trebbaε n Waggayen usligen (Brigades spéciales) ed yiεessasen n lehna, lsan-d iceṭṭiḍen iγarimen (civils) u bdan la qeddcen mebla aḥkim, akk-n ay asen-yehwa i nitni. Bḍan γef snat n trebbaε. Yiwet deg-sent la tḥebbes idzayriyen u la asen-tettekkes lekwaγeḍ-nsen, ma d tayeḍ la asen-d-tettaf ssebbat akk-n ad ten-wten, ad ten-ṣ̣erεen u ad ten-ḍeyyren γer terga, neγ mi ten-wten, ad ten-jjen d imejraḥ neγ mmuten deg yimukan yexlan, u llan wid ay εellqen deg teẓgi n Vincennes.

”Deg wasun (arrondissement) wis XVIII (18), wid iqeddcen deg Waggay uslig (brigade spéciale) n tnebḍut (district) tis tlata sbezgen kra n Yidzayriyen s tussift (essence) u sserγen-ten d iḥricen. Mi ara yili kra n weḥric seg tfekka (ljetta) la ireγγ, nitni ad rnun ad sbezgen aḥric niḍen u ad t-sserγen. Tiγawsiwin-a ur nezmir ad ttwanekṛent d aḥric kan amecṭuḥ seg way-n yeḍran deg wussan-a ineggura u mazal la iḍerru. Tamsulta taγiwnant (police municipale) teεlem yes-sent. Lbaṭel la ttgen yiḥerkiyen, Aggayen usligen ed waggay n tzernanin ed tekriḍt (brigade des agressions et des violences) ur yelli d sser γef yiwen. Ciṭṭ-nni n yisalan ay d-uwyen yeγmisen d ulac ma nquren-it γer way-n yeḍran deg tidet ... Wid ikukran u ugaden ad ttuεaqben ma ttekkan deg lbaṭel-a, anebdad (préfet) yefka-asen ḍḍmana u yenna-asen : Frut lecγal-nwen ed Yidzayriyen kenwi s timmad-nwen. Ay-n yebγun yeḍru, ad tettwaṣ̣ṣ̣rem. Tagnit am ta tḥettem FLN [Tirni n Weslelli Aγelnaw] ad yerr tiyita s uḥakeṛ ed tmenγiwt n kra n yemsulta (policiers) umi yettwassen yisem”.

Γef way-a, Roger Frey, aneγlaf (lewzir) n tγawsiwin n daxel, akk ed Maurice Papon bdan-d yiwet n lḥemla ay deg εerḍen ad sseddun awal belli wid yettekkan deg FLN [Tirni n Weslelli Aγelnaw] d irebraben yedreγlen, ur ttxemmimen ara yerna neγγen imsulta (ibulisen) yettεassan tikli n tkeṛwas deg webrid deg Paris, yili wi ur xdimen cceṛ i yiwen. Simal yella la d-yettban belli ala d lemcawṛat ay yellan zemrent ad frunt ṭṭrad, simal llan kra la ttxemmimen belli yessefk ad yettwet FLN s tγawla yerna s ljehd. Yuγ lḥal, wid yebγan ad tt-wten, llan bγan ad tt-sḍeεfen akk-n ur tzemmer ara ad tili d tagensast (représentant) tawḥidt n Yidzayriyen asmi ara d-bdunt lemcawṛat. Llan la ssaramen ad skerfen Tafidiṛalit n Fṛansa [aḥric n FLN yellan deg Fṛansa], u ad tt-wten deg wul. Γef way-a ay ceḥnen, ladγa, γef Yidzayriyen yellan deg tama n Paris.

Agdal n tuffγa* n meḥyaf

*couvre-feu

Deg wass n 6 Tubeṛ, tanebdaḍt n temsulta (préfecture de police) tḥettem agdal n tuffγa (couvre-feu) γef ”yiqeddacen idzayriyen”, u yella yessefk fell-asen ”ad ḥebsen tikli [deg beṛṛa] ... seg 8:30 n tmeddit alama d 5:30 n tṣ̣ebḥit” yerna ur yessefk ara γef Yidzayriyen ”ad tteddun i yiman-nsen”, imi ”tirebbaε timecṭuḥin la d-jebbdent ccek”. S way-a, nezmer ad d-nger tamawt belli agdal-a n tuffγa yerzan kan idzayriyen d amsiri (raciste), iga meḥyaf. Nnig way-a, agdal-a n tuffγa yewεeṛ imi ay yeldi tawwurt i yemsulta (ibulisen) yerwin neγ yerfan akk-n ad sqedcen leslaḥ-nsen akk-n kan ara walin sin neγ tlata seg warraw n tmurt-nneγ ddukklen-d akk-n seg leqdic. Asadur (base) n FLN yessutter seg Tfidiṛalit n Fṛansa [aḥric n FLN iqeddcen deg Fṛansa] ad teg kra ay yes ara tqabel amihi-a (danger). D ay-a ay yejjan Tafidiṛalit n Fṛansa ad teεzem ad teg tikli ay deg ara ttekkin aṭas n medden, akk-n ad d-sseknen i weγref (cceεb) afṛensis belli agdal-a n tuffγa d lεaṛ, ala d ddulat am tin n yinaziyen ay izemren t-xedment

Mi ara nagi ṛṛay uccmit am wa, ad d-nessken belli imenγi-nneγ d imenγi n lḥeqq. Yella iban belli tamsulta (police) ad tesseqdec id-neγ iγil imi ay εeddan yagi sebεa n yiseggasen nettat tesεedday tiwweḥcit-ines γef Yidzayriyen. D acu kan, Aseqqamu n afidiṛali n GPRA  [Anabaḍ amakud n Tegduda Tadzayrit] yefka lameṛ i wakk-n ad gen medden tikli s tin n leεqel ed lehna, yerna i lmend n way-a, fkan-d lameṛ akk-n ad ttekkint tlawin ed yigerdan deg tikli-a. Nnig way-a, Tafidiṛalit temneε wid ara yettekkin  deg tikli ad d-awyen leslaḥ n tmes neγ leslaḥ amellal, γas ma yehwa-as d tafrut n ljib, am wakk-n ay temneε ad d-awyen iεekzan, am wakk-n ay ten-tweṣ̣ṣ̣a ad d-ssuffγen tiḥucay ay deg d-yura ”Ad yeγli wegdal n tuffγa amsiri” (à bas le couvre-feu raciste), ”Lemcawṛat akk ed GPRA” ed ”Ad tedder Ldzayer timziregt (indépendante)”.

Wid igan tikli-a llan bγan ad d-sseknen belli idzayriyen yellan deg Fṛansa εewwlen ad kksen seg webrid-nsen s kra n tγawsa ara asen-ireglen abrid akk-n ad ttekkin deg yimenγi n weslelli (libération) n tmurt-nsen u ad d-sseknen belli aγref (cceεb) yedda ed FLN. Dγa d ta ay d tamsalt ay iceγben Maurice Papon. ”Imḍebbren n yiγallen n laman – γef wakk-n d-yura – ẓran belli ccγel-a [amḥaq n tikli-nni] yewεeṛ akk-n ad yefru, acku ncikk mliḥ belli lewṣ̣ayat n FLN ad tent-ḍefren medden”. Dγa akk-n ay yella lḥal : 20.000 n medden ay ddan deg yizenqan n Paris. Aṛabul (rapport) n useqqamu afidiṛali n GPRA yenna-d belli ttekkan azal n 50.000 (gar wazal n 100.000 n Yidzayriyen izedγen deg tama n Paris). Γas ma yella wemgerrad gar sin-a yemḍanen (nombres), yessefk ad nẓerr belli llan aṭas seg wid ay d-yusan ad ttekkin deg tikli, maca rran-ten seg tewwura n Paris, mi d-uwḍen yimesniyen-nsen (bus) neγ mi kecmen ad ṭṭfen amiṭru. Ma deg way-n yerzan asseqdec n ”yiγil”, werjin ttewten Yidzayriyen s tiwweḥcit deg ṭṭrad-nni am wakk-n ay ttewten deg tikli-a. Ad d-nefk kra n yimedyaten (exemples) : gar yigiman (luluf) n Yidzayriyen-nni ay uwyen γer Wefrag n Temzikkniyin (Parc des Expositions) deg Porte de Versailles, d timerwin (dizaines) seg-sen ay nγan s tiyita. Wten-ten s yiwerrayen (crosses) ed yifassen n tqubac alama ay asen-rẓan iqecruren-nsen, ifassen d yiḍarren-nsen neγ sṭerḍqen-asen tasa neγ aḍiḥan. Tifekkiwin-nsen (ljettat) rekḍen-tent ddaw wallen n Mass Partis, imsefqed amatu (contrôleur général). Iγallen n laman, imsulta (ibulisen) ed yimestulen izirazen (gendarmes mobiles) semman i yiman-nsen ”tiseqquma n umager”, yerna kra seg Yidzayriyen ay d-ṭṭfen, qelεen-asen iḍudan-nsen.

Deg yiwen yidis n tqenṭert n Neuilly, tella yiwet n terbaεt n yiεessasen n lehna, ma seg yidis niḍen, llan yiγallen n CRS (Takebbanit tagdudant n tγellist). Akk Idzayriyen ay d-ḥeṛṛen gar-asen deg tefxet-a tameqrant ṣ̣erεen-ten u ḍeyyren-ten d tirni γer wasif n La Seine. Azal n meyya n Yidzayriyen umi yeḍra way-a. Yemgerrad wacḥal d-nnan yemmut deg tmeskant-a (tamesbanit). Tuddsa (organisation) n wid yemmuten deg 17 Tubeṛ ed wussan ay d-iḍefren, tga-d aṛabul ay deg d-teḥseb akk wid yemmuten ama s rrṣ̣aṣ̣, ama s tiyita s tdebbuzin, ama s usseγreq neγ s way-n niḍen, u nnan-d belli ttwanγan deg wussan-nni gar 200 ed 300 n Yidzayriyen, u jerḥen azal n 2300 seg-sen. Ay-a yettban-aγ iṣ̣eḥḥa ma nquren amḍan-a (nombre) n wid yemmuten ed way-n ay d-ḥkan deg tseγrut (déclaration) n 31 Tubeṛ 1961.

Yuγ lḥal, taseγrut-a (déclaration) d tin ay yes, kra n yemsulta (ibulisen) bγan ad d-inin tidet, ugin ad ssusmen γef lbaṭel, yeqreḥ-iten wul-nsen. D acu kan, wid ay tt-id-yuran ur d-srisen ara ismawen-nsen. Lemmer d ay tt-kebben (stenyan-tt), tili ad teqqel tseγrut-a d taftart (document) yesseqnaεen ugar.

Seg wasmi ay d-ssuffγeγ adlis n Twilayt tis Sebεa (La 7e Wilaya) deg 1985, xedmeγ akk-n ay-n zemreγ akk-n ad d-afeγ wid ay d-yuran taseγrut-nni (déclaration), maca ur d-ufiγ acemma, alama ay d asmi Maurice Papon icuṛeε Jean-Luc Einaudi deg wexxam n Ccṛeε n Paris. Imir-n, nekk akk ed yiwen n wergaz, Emile Porzer, nettekka deg ccṛeε-nni s yisem-nneγ d inagan. Dγa imir-nni ay d-ufiγ argaz-nni ay lliγ ttnadiγ seg zik. Porzer yesteεṛef d netta ay d-yuran taseγrut-nni yerna, sdeffir ma yeggul deg wexxam n ccṛeε, yerna yefka-d ttfaṣ̣il yessexlaεen γef way-n d-yettwakecfen belli yettwaxdem deg tedyanin-nni.

Ttwakecfent-d tγawsiwin d tiweḥciyin

Deg 27 Tubeṛ 2000, neddukkel nekk ed Jean-Luc Einaudi γer wexxam n Emile Porzer. Nufa-t-in yezdeγ yiwen n wexxam n snat neγ tlata n texxamin, deg yiwen n uzaduγ (lbaṭima) n HCM, deg wasun (arrondissement) wis 8 n Paris. Imir-n yella yesεa 81 n yiseggasen deg tudert-is, yemmuger-aγ s leḥdaqa ed tiḥḥerfit (simplicité), γas akk-n tenqes tezmert-is, yerna yeḥka-aγ-d abrid ay d-yekka ed way-n ay t-yejjan ad d-yeg taseγrut-nni (déclaration). Asmi ay d-tekcem Lalman γer Fṛansa, Emile yella d amsaltu (abulis) ameẓyan u yettekka, s tuffra, deg yimenγi i lmend n ussuffeγ n Lalman. Deg wussan n weslelli (libération), yettekka s leslaḥ, sdat n Tnebdadt (Préfecture), deg ussuffeγ n yiγallen almaniyen seg Paris. Deg tezwara n yiseggasen n 1950, yessuffeγ-it unebdad (préfet) Baylot seg temsulta (police). Yuγ lḥal, imir-n, Maurice Papon yella d amaru amatu (secrétaire général) n Baylot.

Emile, yugin ad t-ssuffγen seg temsulta (police), yeccetka i Useqqamu n Uwanak (Conseil d’Etat) u yekcem deg ccṛeε. Σecṛa n yiseggasen sakk-in, yerbeḥ-d ccṛeε-ines u iεawed yekcem γer temsulta. D acu kan, Papon mazal iqureε-it-id. Asmi ay yeqqel d anebdad (préfet), dindin kan iεawed yessuffeγ-it. S way-a, deg Tubeṛ 1961, Emile Porzer yufa-t-id lḥal ur la ixeddem ara deg temsulta, d acu kan, yella mazal-it d imḍebber n Tammidwa n Yemsulta igdudanen (Amical des Policiers républicains), u yezga yesεa anermis (contact) akk ed yimeddukal-is iqeddcen deg wakk aggayen (brigades) n temsulta n Paris. Imeddukal-a-ines llan xeddmen-d iṛabulen (rapports) γef wakk ay-n umi ggaren tamawt yerna d Emile Porzer ay ten-id-ijemmεen. Dγa d ay-a ay ten-yejjan, deg wass n 31 Tubeṛ 1961, ad d-arun Taseγrut n Yemsulta igdudanen (déclaration des Policiers républicains). D Emile s timmad-is ay yuran taseγrut-a s tmacint-ines n tira, sakk-in, mi tt-ifuk, iḍeyyer tamacint-nni deg terga n Ourcq i lmend n laman. Sakk-in yessuffeγ-d azal n 1000 n tsukan (copies) seg tseγrut-nni s yiwet n troneot (ronéo) d tamecṭuḥt, u yefreq-itent γef yimeddukal-ines yettamen ed yimeddukal-ines n leqdic.

Tammidwa n Yemsulta igdudanen (Amicales des Policiers républicains) tessuffeγ-d 10.000 n tsukan (copies) s yiwet n troneot igerrzen ugar. Maca Anmalu ilelli n temsulta taγedmant (Syndicat libre de la police judiciaire – SLPJ) yerfa imi ay d-teffeγ tseγrut-a (déclaration) yerna yenna-d belli ay-n d-yettwannan deg-s d ”lekdeb”. Akk-n ad d-yessken belli ay-a maci d tidet, Anmalu-a iεawed yessuffeγ-d taseγrut-nni deg weγmis-is. D acu kan, ay-a yerna iga-as ugar n udellel i tseγrut-nni, γas ugin-tt yeεdawen-ines. Papon yeccetka deg wexxam n ccṛeε γef ”win ur nettwassen” (contre ”X”), γef ljal n ucemmet ay d-yeddan deg tseγrut-nni, yerna Anmalu n SPLJ yessers iman-is ula d netta seg wid yettwaḍelmen. Iccetkiyen-a ulac d acu ay ten-id-iḍefren, yiwen ur iεedda deg ccṛeε. Maca γef wakk-n ay aγ-d-iban, imsulta (ibulisen) ay d-yelhan s temsalt-a, ”ssegnen urar” imi kra seg wid ay beḥten bedren-d ismawen n kra n yemsulta d inagan, dγa, lemmer ad d-awyen imsulta-nni γer wexxam n ccṛeε, wi llan zemren ad d-cehden γef tiwweḥcit n way-n yettwagan deg Yidzayriyen.

Awaggay-aγella (brigadier-chef) Bernet iḥedṛen i yiwet seg tgezzarin (massacres) yeḍran ass-nni, yura-d γef tγawsiwin tiweḥciyin ay asen-gan i wid yettwaṭṭfen deg tefxet n tqenṭert n Neuilly, u yenna-d belli llan la ten-ṣ̣errεen u la ten-ttḍeyyiren γer wasif n La Seine.

S way-a, nezmer ad d-nini belli ur d-yeggri ara akk ccekk γef tseγrut-nni (déclaration) imi tura neẓra belli d tidet ay d-tenna u neẓra anwa ay tt-id-yuran. Taseγrut-a, deg tgara-ines tfuk s wawalen-a yeccuṛen d ṛṛuḥ n talsa (humanité) : ”Nekni nuki belli yessefk ad nqader tikli zeddigen, ad neḥrez iseγ-nneγ (honneur) s yisem-nneγ d imdanen u ad neḥrez tezdeg n twaculin-nneγ, imi ur nebγi ara ad ssetḥin warraw-nneγ s yibabaten-nsen u ad ssetḥint tlawin-nneγ s yergazen-nsent. Nnig way-a, netḥeqq belli ay-a ad yejj isem n temsulta (police) n Paris ed yisem n Fṛansa d izedganen”. Maca Papon yettmuqul iseγ akk-n niḍen. Akk-n kan εeddant tedyanin n 17 Tubeṛ, iberreḥ-d belli Fṛansa terbeḥ, yefṛeḥ s way-n iga netta ed temsulta, yenna-d : ”imenγi n Paris nerbeḥ-it” yerna yenna-d belli FLN ”yebṭel imenγi”.

D acu kan, Papon yella mazal yugad ”amek ara tesseqdec Tfidiṛalit n Fṛansa [aḥric n FLN yellan deg Fṛansa] tidyanin n 17 Tubeṛ, maca yenna-d belli ay-a ad tt-yessiweḍ γer nnger-is”. Papon yella yettuqenneε belli : ”assirem-ines aneggaru [n Tfidiṛalit n Fṛansa] d netta ay d imenγi-ines aneggaru”. D acu kan, Papon ur d-yebdir ara yimenγi-a ay d-iḍefren tidyanin n Tubeṛ. Yuγ lḥal, deg Nwembeṛ n 1961, imeḥbas idzayriyen deg leḥbas n Fṛansa gan asunded (grève) n laẓ d ameqran, yerna taluft-a ur tefri ara alama ay d asmi Lejnas Yeddukklen ḥettmen Fṛansa akk-n ad testeεṛef belli idzayrieyen yettwaṭṭfen γer-s d imeḥbas isertiyen (politiques) u ḥettmen-tt daγen ad tεawed ad teldi lemcawṛat i lmend n westeεṛef belli Ldzayer tettalas ad tessutter azarug-ines (indépendance). Dγa d wa swaswa ay d iswi (but) ay teqsed Tfidiṛalit n Fṛansa ed FLN.

Imibriken d amcum-nsen

Maurice Papon ed umaru-ines amatu (secrétaire général) –ay yettucaṛεen ula d netta mbeεd γef yenγayen mgal talsa (crimes contre l’humanité)- feṛḥen s way-n gan. Nnig way-a, Papon ur yettkukru ara akk ad yenkeṛ tidet ur nettwenkaṛ. D awezγi ad yili Papon ur yettekka ara deg tiwweḥcit n tedyanin-a, ala ma yella lewṣ̣ayat ay yella la tent-yettafk i yemsulta-ines (ibulisen) ur yeẓri ara amek ay xeddmen yes-sent deg wenrar. Γef leḥsab n wakk-n d-yenna, yella dima yettweṣ̣ṣ̣i iγallen n laman ”ad ilin d ifessasen u ad fehhmen medden”. Maca nger tamawt deg tidet, ur llin d ”ifessasen” wala d wid ”ifehhmen medden” deg wemḥaq-nni ay meḥqen tikli seddaw n leεnaya-ines netta.

Ula d imazanen (députés) ”inselmen” n ”la Troisième Force”, wid ay yettwafernen akk-n ad qazmen FLN, ugin ad ṛuḥen deg yiḍ γer Wegraw aγelnaw (Assemblée nationale) acku ugaden, yerna ur ugaden ara deg lbaṭel. Yuγ lḥal, ass-nni, yiwen seg yimeddiden-nsen (collègue), Abdelkrim Sadi, d ”asinatur ineslem n UNR” seg Batna-Seṭṭif, ssemguclun-t (malmener) yiγallen n laman γef 7:45 n tmeddit deg wezniq n Saint-Michel. Sadi ṭṭfen-t sin yemsulta (ibulisen) deg lweqt ay deg wis tlata yejbed-as-d tameẓyant-is u yeggul deg-s ar t-ineγ. Amsaltu-a yefka-as tiyita ijehden γer yiγel, u yenna-as : ”Ssuffeγ-d ifassen-ik yerna ur ttewliwil ara, ma ulac ad k-nγeγ”. Mass asinatur Sadi ur yesεi ara udem d amellal am Wariyen (Aryens). Roger Frey yessutter seg-s ssmaḥ azekka-nni, deg yegniren (ikulwaṛen) n Useqqamu n yemγaren. Maca maci ala d Idzayriyen kan ay yettewten γef ṣ̣ṣ̣ifa-nsen wanag ula d ibeṛṛaniyen. Ispenyuliyen, Ipuṛtugaliyen yellan d-yunagen γer Fṛansa u ttbanen-d ttemcabahen γer Wayt Tefriqt n Ugafa, ur mniεen ara seg tiyita. Ula d Imarikaniyen am Joseph Pomerlau n Waterville, ay d-yerzan kan d amerraḥ γer Fṛansa, yuγ tiytiwin s tdebbuzt (matraque). Tadyant iεeddan fell-as teffeγ-d deg New York Herald Tribune n 20 Tubeṛ, ay deg d-tedda yiwet n temsiweḍt (reportage) ikemlen γef tmeskant (tamesbanit) n 17 Tubeṛ. S way-a, medden n ddunit akk ẓran d acu ara tetteg temsulta (police) n Papon i yiqeddacen idzayriyen. Asmi ay tεedda ddeεwa,  ”afham n medden ed tefses” ay γef tella tettweṣ̣ṣ̣i-d tnebdadt (préfecture) slan yes-s akk medden deg ddunit.

Tidebbuzin n yemsulta (ibulisen) la ttḥadarent kan icelhaben aṛiyen (aryens), ma ulac, s kra yellan d imibrik neγ yesεa acebbub d akerceccay, ad yaγ tiyita. Tamezwarut, ad ttewten s tdebbuzin, tis snat, ad ttwaṭṭfen, sakk-in ad ten-awin sanda ara ten-frun. Gar wid d-yettwaṭṭfen, yella yiwen n umeγnas (militant) n uzelmaḍ, deg tmurt-ines, Colombia, yettwamneε, u yella yedder d imennejli deg Paris. Ass-nni n 17 Tubeṛ,  yella la yettmerriḥ s leεqel-is deg yizenqan imeqranen n Paris, u mi iwala la ttazzalen sdeffir n Yidzayriyen, yewhem, imi ay iwala tiγawsiwin ur yezmir yiwen ad tent-ixayel deg tmurt ay deg d-qqaren aberriḥ-nni n ”Tlelli, Tagadda ed Tegmat” (Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité). Imsulta (ibulisen), mi t-walan la d-yettban am Udzayri, ssemguclun-t (brutaliser), ”refden-t” u gren-t γer ”wemruj” 48 n tsaεtin, γas akk-n yenna-asen γelḍen. Yiwen n wemsaltu d afṛensis yesεan yemma-s d taspenyulit u yessawal iles aspenyuli, yeεqel belli ameγnas-nni d amaru (écrivain) mechuṛen u yenna-asen i yimeddiden-ines (collègues) ad as-brun. Amaru-a d Gabriel Garcia Marquez, u yuwey arraz n Nobel deg tsekla (littérature). Garcia yeqqel yenna-d yiwwas : ttemcabaheγ γer Yidzayriyen, neγ ala ?

Akk-a ay d-yella umezruy. Papon iṛuḥ γer laxert taberkant. Γas yettucaṛeε u yeḥkem fell-as ccṛeε belli yeḍlem imi ay yettekka deg Uhulukust deg Ṭ̣ṭrad n Ddunit wis Sin, Papon yemmut mebla yettwaḥkem belli yeḍlem ula deg tgezzarin (massacres) n 17 Tubeṛ.

Acolombi-nni ay yettewten deg Paris imi kan ay imerreḥ deg yiwen seg waḍan n lexrif, yettunefk-as yiwen seg warrazen imeqranen akk n tsekla (littérature). Ma d wid yettuḍeyyren γer wasif, uwyen-ten waman neγ belεen γer welqaε n wasif, mazal la ttṛajun Ldzayer ed Fṛansa ad steεṛfen s way-n fkan d asfel, imi ula d tigezzarin (massacres) ay yeḍran deg Fṛansa d aḥric seg yimenγi ay nnuγen Yidzayriyen i lmend n uzarug (indépendance). Tadyant-a yessexlaεen u tesseḥzan yessefk γef snat-a n tmura ad tt-sfugent (célébrer) u ad qadren wid ed tid yemmuten deg-s, imi ”tasusmi n wasif” ur tezmir ad temḥu ccfawat-nsen.

Tubeṛ 2007

Ali Haroun

Seg El Watan n 16 Tubeṛ 2007

Taγbalut (source) : http://www.elwatan.com/spip.php?page=article&id_article=78289

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